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  2. Normality test - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Normality_test

    A graphical tool for assessing normality is the normal probability plot, a quantile-quantile plot (QQ plot) of the standardized data against the standard normal distribution. Here the correlation between the sample data and normal quantiles (a measure of the goodness of fit) measures how well the data are modeled by a normal distribution. For ...

  3. Normalization (statistics) - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Normalization_(statistics)

    In another usage in statistics, normalization refers to the creation of shifted and scaled versions of statistics, where the intention is that these normalized values allow the comparison of corresponding normalized values for different datasets in a way that eliminates the effects of certain gross influences, as in an anomaly time series. Some ...

  4. Normality - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Normality

    Asymptotic normality, in mathematics and statistics; Complete normality or normal space, Log-normality, in probability theory; Normality (category theory) Normality (statistics) or normal distribution, in probability theory; Normality tests, used to determine if a data set is well-modeled by a normal distribution

  5. Bootstrapping (statistics) - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bootstrapping_(statistics)

    The bootstrap is generally useful for estimating the distribution of a statistic (e.g. mean, variance) without using normality assumptions (as required, e.g., for a z-statistic or a t-statistic). In particular, the bootstrap is useful when there is no analytical form or an asymptotic theory (e.g., an applicable central limit theorem ) to help ...

  6. Data transformation (statistics) - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Data_transformation...

    To assess whether normality has been achieved after transformation, any of the standard normality tests may be used. A graphical approach is usually more informative than a formal statistical test and hence a normal quantile plot is commonly used to assess the fit of a data set to a normal population.

  7. Normalization - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Normalization

    Normalization (statistics), adjustments of values or distributions in statistics Quantile normalization, statistical technique for making two distributions identical in statistical properties; Normalizing (abstract rewriting), an abstract rewriting system in which every object has at least one normal form

  8. Statistics - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Statistics

    "Statistics is both the science of uncertainty and the technology of extracting information from data." - featured in the International Encyclopedia of Statistical Science. [5] Statistics is the discipline that deals with data, facts and figures with which meaningful information is inferred. Data may represent a numerical value, in form of ...

  9. Coefficient of variation - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Coefficient_of_variation

    The coefficient of variation fulfills the requirements for a measure of economic inequality. [20] [21] [22] If x (with entries x i) is a list of the values of an economic indicator (e.g. wealth), with x i being the wealth of agent i, then the following requirements are met: Anonymity – c v is independent of the ordering of the list x.