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The first presentation of philosophical pessimism in a systematic manner, with an entire structure of metaphysics underlying it, was introduced by German philosopher Arthur Schopenhauer in the 19th century. [1]: 13 [55] [56] [57] Schopenhauer's pessimism came from his analysis of life being the product of an insatiable and incessant cosmic Will.
The Essays of Arthur Schopenhauer; Religion, a Dialogue, Etc. contains selections from Parerga and Paralipomena "Iconoclasm in German Philosophy" in The Westminster Review, Volume 59, 1853 (see p. 388) Pararerga und Paralipomena – Link to the book at archive.org (German fraktur) Schopenhauer Α. Sämtliche Werke. In 5 Bde.
4 December 1131: Persian Giacomo Leopardi [1] [11] 29 June 1798: 14 June 1837: Italian — Thomas Ligotti [8] [12] 9 July 1953 — American Al- Ma'arri [17] December 973: May 1057: Arab Philipp Mainländer [1] [2] 5 October 1841: 1 April 1876: German Carlo Michelstaedter [18] 3 June 1887: 17 October 1910: Italian Friedrich Nietzsche [11] [6 ...
Arthur Schopenhauer (/ ˈ ʃ oʊ p ən h aʊər / SHOH-pən-how-ər; [9] German: [ˈaʁtuːɐ̯ ˈʃoːpn̩haʊɐ] ⓘ; 22 February 1788 – 21 September 1860) was a German philosopher. He is known for his 1818 work The World as Will and Representation (expanded in 1844), which characterizes the phenomenal world as the manifestation of a blind ...
For Arthur Schopenhauer, every action (eating, sleeping, breathing, etc.) was a struggle against death, although one which always ends with death's triumph over the individual. [63]: 338 Since other animals also fear death, the fear of death is not rational, but more akin to an instinct or a drive, which he called the will to life. In the end ...
Upload file; Search. Search. Appearance. ... Download as PDF; ... Pages in category "Books by Arthur Schopenhauer" The following 4 pages are in this category, out of ...
[3] [4] Mainländer aims to free the philosophy of Schopenhauer from its metaphysical tendencies. [5]: 604 It is the longest criticism of Schopenhauer's work, and it earned him the praise of Frauenstädt, [6] "apostle primarie" of Schopenhauer, Max Seiling [4] and Frederick C. Beiser [7] for being one of the most talented followers of Schopenhauer.
In the English language, this work is known under three different titles. Although English publications about Schopenhauer played a role in the recognition of his fame as a philosopher in later life (1851 until his death in 1860) [4] and a three volume translation by R. B. Haldane and J. Kemp, titled The World as Will and Idea, appeared already in 1883–1886, [5] the first English translation ...
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