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  2. Jablonski diagram - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jablonski_diagram

    A Jablonski diagram showing the excitation of molecule A to its singlet excited state (1 A*) followed by intersystem crossing to the triplet state (3 A) that relaxes to the ground state by phosphorescence. It was used to describe absorption and emission of light by fluorescents.

  3. Intersystem crossing - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Intersystem_crossing

    Intersystem crossing (ISC) is an isoenergetic radiationless process involving a transition between the two electronic states with different spin multiplicity. [ 1 ] Excited electrons can undergo intersystem crossing to a degenerate state with a different spin multiplicity.

  4. Internal conversion (chemistry) - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Internal_conversion...

    Jablonski diagram indicating intersystem crossing (left) and internal conversion (right). Internal conversion is a transition from a higher to a lower electronic state in a molecule or atom. [1] It is sometimes called "radiationless de-excitation", because no photons are emitted.

  5. Triplet-triplet annihilation - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Triplet-Triplet_Annihilation

    A Jablonski diagram describing the sensitization process in triplet-triplet annihilation upconversion. The sensitizer first absorbs light and reaches its first singlet excited state (S 1). The sensitizer S 1 state undergoes intersystem crossing (ISC) to the triplet excited state (T 1).

  6. Photoredox catalysis - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Photoredox_catalysis

    Jablonski diagram illustrating the electronic states accessible during photoexcitation. Note: ISC stands for Intersystem Crossing. E 0,0 is a measurement of the energy gap between the ground state and the lowest energy triplet state. This parameter is proportional to the phosphorescence wavelength and is used to compute the redox potentials of ...

  7. Photoluminescence - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Photoluminescence

    The re-emitted photon in this case is said to be red shifted, referring to the reduced energy it carries following this loss (as the Jablonski diagram shows). For phosphorescence, electrons which absorbed photons, undergo intersystem crossing where they enter into a state with altered spin multiplicity (see term symbol), usually a triplet state ...

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  9. Phosphorescence - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Phosphorescence

    Jablonski diagram of an energy scheme used to explain the difference between fluorescence and phosphorescence. The excitation of molecule A to its singlet excited state ( 1 A*) may, after a short time between absorption and emission (fluorescence lifetime), return immediately to ground state , giving off a photon via fluorescence (decay time).