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Myxedema is known to occur in various forms of hypothyroidism, as well as hyperthyroidism, including Graves disease. One of the hallmarks of Grave's disease is pretibial myxedema, myxedema of the lower limb. [2] Myxedema is more common in women than in men. [3] Myxedema can occur in: Hyperthyroidism, associated with pretibial myxedema and ...
Myxedema coma is an extreme or decompensated form of hypothyroidism and while uncommon, is potentially lethal. [ 1 ] [ 2 ] [ 3 ] A person may have laboratory values identical to a "normal" hypothyroid state, but a stressful event (such as an infection, myocardial infarction , or stroke ) precipitates the myxedema coma state, usually in the elderly.
Myxedema psychosis is a relatively uncommon consequence of hypothyroidism, such as in Hashimoto's thyroiditis or in patients who have had the thyroid surgically removed and are not taking thyroxine. A chronically under-active thyroid can lead to slowly progressive dementia , delirium , and in extreme cases to hallucinations , coma , or ...
It is most commonly used to treat hypothyroidism and myxedema coma. [1] It can be taken by mouth or by injection into a vein. [1] Side effects may occur from excessive doses. [1] This may include weight loss, fever, headache, anxiety, trouble sleeping, arrhythmias, and heart failure. [1] Use in pregnancy and breastfeeding is generally safe.
[25] [59] In their 1986 study of 26 patients (10 years after successful treatment of hyperthyroidism), Perrild et al. note that four patients had been granted disability pensions on the basis of intellectual dysfunction. [60] Between 2006 and 2008, Ponto et al. surveyed 250 Graves' disease patients.
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The two foundations of treatment for adrenal crisis are steroid replacement and fluid resuscitation. [3] When adrenal crisis treatment is started as soon as possible, it can be effective in preventing irreversible effects from prolonged hypotension. [32] Treatment should not be postponed while doing diagnostic tests.
Pretibial myxedema is almost always preceded by the ocular signs found in Graves' disease. [3] It usually presents itself as a waxy, discolored induration of the skin—classically described as having a so-called peau d'orange (orange peel) appearance—on the anterior aspect of the lower legs, spreading to the dorsum of the feet, or as a non-localised, non-pitting edema of the skin in the ...