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  2. Centrifugal governor - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Centrifugal_governor

    Centrifugal governors are used in many modern repeating watches to limit the speed of the striking train, so the repeater does not run too quickly. Another kind of centrifugal governor consists of a pair of masses on a spindle inside a cylinder, the masses or the cylinder being coated with pads, somewhat like a centrifugal clutch or a drum brake.

  3. Governor (device) - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Governor_(device)

    A governor, or speed limiter or controller, is a device used to measure and regulate the speed of a machine, such as an engine.. A classic example is the centrifugal governor, also known as the Watt or fly-ball governor on a reciprocating steam engine, which uses the effect of inertial force on rotating weights driven by the machine output shaft to regulate its speed by altering the input flow ...

  4. Electronic symbol - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Electronic_symbol

    Wire crossover symbols for circuit diagrams. The CAD symbol for insulated crossing wires is the same as the older, non-CAD symbol for non-insulated crossing wires. To avoid confusion, the wire "jump" (semi-circle) symbol for insulated wires in non-CAD schematics is recommended (as opposed to using the CAD-style symbol for no connection), so as to avoid confusion with the original, older style ...

  5. Piping and instrumentation diagram - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Piping_and_instrumentation...

    A diagram which shows the interconnection of process equipment and the instrumentation used to control the process. In the process industry, a standard set of symbols is used to prepare drawings of processes. The instrument symbols used in these drawings are generally based on International Society of Automation (ISA) Standard S5.1

  6. Reference designator - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Reference_designator

    voltage regulators are often "U" for IC, pots and trimmers often "R" for resistor X: Socket connector for another item not P or J, paired with the letter symbol for that item (XV for vacuum tube socket, XF for fuse holder, XA for printed circuit assembly connector, XU for integrated circuit connector, XDS for light socket, etc.) X, XTAL, Y

  7. Engineering drawing abbreviations and symbols - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Engineering_drawing...

    Technical standards exist to provide glossaries of abbreviations, acronyms, and symbols that may be found on engineering drawings. Many corporations have such standards, which define some terms and symbols specific to them; on the national and international level, ASME standard Y14.38 [1] is one of the standards. Australia utilises the ...

  8. Proportional–integral–derivative controller - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Proportional–integral...

    Continuous control, before PID controllers were fully understood and implemented, has one of its origins in the centrifugal governor, which uses rotating weights to control a process. This was invented by Christiaan Huygens in the 17th century to regulate the gap between millstones in windmills depending on the speed of rotation, and thereby ...

  9. List of common physics notations - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_common_physics...

    Symbol Name Meaning SI unit of measure alpha: alpha particle: angular acceleration: radian per second squared (rad/s 2) fine-structure constant: unitless beta: velocity in terms of the speed of light c: unitless beta particle: gamma: Lorentz factor: unitless photon: gamma ray: shear strain: radian