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This is an alphabetical list of sovereign states and dependent territories in the Americas.It comprises three regions, Northern America (Canada and the United States), the Caribbean (cultural region of the English, French, Dutch, and Creole speaking countries located on the Caribbean Sea) and Latin America (nations that speak Spanish and Portuguese).
The continent is bordered on the west by the Pacific Ocean and on the north and east by the Atlantic Ocean. North America and the Caribbean Sea lie to the northwest. South America has an area of approximately 17,840,000 square kilometres (6,890,000 sq mi), or almost 3.5% of Earth 's surface.
See List of extinct countries, empires, etc. and Former countries in Europe after 1815 for articles about countries that are no longer in existence. See List of countries for other articles and lists on countries. Wikimedia Commons includes the Wikimedia Atlas of the World. Entries available in the atlas. General pages
Below are separate lists of countries and dependencies with their land boundaries, and lists of which countries and dependencies border oceans and major seas. The first short section describes the borders or edges of continents and oceans/major seas. Disputed areas are not considered.
The continent also contains drier regions such as eastern Patagonia and the extremely arid Atacama Desert. The South American continent also includes various islands, most of which belong to countries on the continent. The Caribbean territories are grouped with North America.
Distinct Land Borders: Refers to the number of separate geographic boundaries a country shares with its neighbors. A single country may have multiple distinct land borders with the same neighbour (e.g., due to enclaves, exclaves, or disconnected regions). Distinct Land Neighbours: Refers to the number of unique countries a nation borders via land.
Also included is the number of unique sovereign states [a] that a country or territory shares as neighbors. If the number is higher due to multiple dependencies or unrecognized states bordering the state, the larger number is shown in brackets. Footnotes are provided to provide clarity regarding the status of certain countries and territories.
Below is a list of countries and dependencies in South America by area. [1] Brazil is the largest country in South America while Suriname is the smallest. Panama is not regarded as a transcontinental country but the country is sometimes included in South America due to being part of Colombia prior to its secession in 1903.