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The rotor head, pre-rotator shaft, and Subaru engine configuration on a VPM M-16 autogyro. An autogyro is characterized by a free-spinning rotor that turns because of the passage of air through the rotor from below. [6] [7] The downward component of the total aerodynamic reaction of the rotor gives lift to the vehicle, sustaining it in the air ...
Below, the helicopter rotor has lost power, and the craft is making an emergency landing. Autorotation is a state of flight in which the main rotor system of a helicopter or other rotary-wing aircraft turns by the action of air moving up through the rotor, as with an autogyro, rather than engine power driving the rotor.
An early example of electromagnetic rotation was the first rotary machine built by Ányos Jedlik with electromagnets and a commutator, in 1826-27. [2] Other pioneers in the field of electricity include Hippolyte Pixii who built an alternating current generator in 1832, and William Ritchie's construction of an electromagnetic generator with four rotor coils, a commutator and brushes, also in 1832.
The iron core serves to carry the magnetic field through the rotor conductors. Because the magnetic field in the rotor is alternating with time, the core uses construction similar to a transformer core to reduce core energy losses. It is made of thin laminations, separated by varnish insulation, to reduce eddy currents circulating in the core.
The cause of induced current in the rotor windings is the rotating stator magnetic field, so to oppose the change in rotor-winding currents the rotor turns in the direction of the stator magnetic field. The rotor accelerates until the magnitude of induced rotor current and torque balances the load on the rotor.
The rotor will maintain its spin axis direction regardless of the orientation of the outer frame. A gyroscope (from Ancient Greek γῦρος gŷros , "round" and σκοπέω skopéō , "to look") is a device used for measuring or maintaining orientation and angular velocity .
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In non-excited motors, the rotor is made of steel. It rotates in step with the stator's rotating magnetic field, so it has an almost-constant magnetic field through it. The external stator field magnetizes the rotor, inducing the magnetic poles needed to turn it. The rotor is made of a high-retentivity steel such as cobalt steel.