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The dashed lines represent contours of the velocity field (streamlines), showing the motion of the whole field at the same time. (See high resolution version.) Solid blue lines and broken grey lines represent the streamlines. The red arrows show the direction and magnitude of the flow velocity. These arrows are tangential to the streamline.
Example of a single industrial control loop; showing continuously modulated control of process flow. Piping and instrumentation diagram of pump with storage tank. Symbols according to EN ISO 10628 and EN 62424. A more complex example of a P&ID. A piping and instrumentation diagram (P&ID) is defined as follows:
Example of pipe marking through colors and symbols (arrows) to indicated pipe contents (colors) and flow direction (arrows). Pipe marking on a natural gas pipe In the process industry , chemical industry , manufacturing industry , and other commercial and industrial contexts, pipe marking is used to identify the contents, properties and flow ...
For two-dimensional potential flow, streamlines are perpendicular to equipotential lines. Taken together with the velocity potential , the stream function may be used to derive a complex potential. In other words, the stream function accounts for the solenoidal part of a two-dimensional Helmholtz decomposition , while the velocity potential ...
The streamlines show the direction of the fluid flow, and the color gradient shows the pressure at each point, from blue to green, yellow, and red indicating increasing pressure Typical aerodynamic teardrop shape, assuming a viscous medium passing from left to right, the diagram shows the pressure distribution as the thickness of the black line ...
The black line is the boundary of the flow, while the darker blue lines are streamlines, and the lighter blue lines are equi-potential lines. Some interesting powers n are: [12] n = 1 / 2 : this corresponds with flow around a semi-infinite plate, n = 2 / 3 : flow around a right corner, n = 1: a trivial case of uniform flow,
The one-line diagram has its largest application in power flow studies. Electrical elements such as circuit breakers, transformers, capacitors, bus bars, and conductors are shown by standardized schematic symbols. [2] Instead of representing each of three phases with a separate line or terminal, only one conductor is represented.
Top: Three field lines through a plane surface, one normal to the surface, one parallel, and one intermediate. Bottom: Field line through a curved surface, showing the setup of the unit normal and surface element to calculate flux. To calculate the flux of a vector field F (red arrows) through a surface S the surface is divided into small ...