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The void type and null pointer type nullptr_t in C++11 and C23; Characters and strings (see below) Tuple in Standard ML, Python, Scala, Swift, Elixir; List in Common Lisp, Python, Scheme, Haskell; Fixed-point number with a variety of precisions and a programmer-selected scale. Complex number in C99, Fortran, Common Lisp, Python, D, Go. This is ...
In computer science, a tagged pointer is a pointer (concretely a memory address) with additional data associated with it, such as an indirection bit or reference count.This additional data is often "folded" into the pointer, meaning stored inline in the data representing the address, taking advantage of certain properties of memory addressing.
Pointer formats are known as near, far, or huge. Near pointers are 16-bit offsets within the reference segment, i.e. DS for data and CS for code. They are the fastest pointers, but are limited to point to 64 KB of memory (to the associated segment of the data type). Near pointers can be held in registers (typically SI and DI).
A dangling pointer is a pointer that does not point to a valid object and consequently may make a program crash or behave oddly. In the Pascal or C programming languages, pointers that are not specifically initialized may point to unpredictable addresses in memory. The following example code shows a dangling pointer:
Any pointer (four bytes) will be 4-byte aligned. (e.g.: char*, int*) The only notable differences in alignment for an LP64 64-bit system when compared to a 32-bit system are: A long (eight bytes) will be 8-byte aligned. A double (eight bytes) will be 8-byte aligned. A long long (eight bytes) will be 8-byte aligned.
A function prologue typically does the following actions if the architecture has a base pointer (also known as frame pointer) and a stack pointer: Pushes current base pointer onto the stack, so it can be restored later. Value of base pointer is set to the address of stack pointer (which is pointed to the top of the stack) so that the base ...
In the IEEE 754 standard, the 64-bit base-2 format is officially referred to as binary64; it was called double in IEEE 754-1985. IEEE 754 specifies additional floating-point formats, including 32-bit base-2 single precision and, more recently, base-10 representations ( decimal floating point ).
The reset vector is a pointer or address, where the CPU should always begin as soon as it is able to execute instructions. The address is in a section of non-volatile memory (such as BIOS or Boot ROM ) initialized to contain instructions to start the operation of the CPU, as the first step in the process of booting the system containing the CPU.