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The Western and Eastern Roman Empires by 476 Fall of the Western Roman Empire (476 AD) – the two halves of the Roman Empire ended at different times, with the Western Roman Empire coming to an end in 476 AD (the end of Ancient Rome). The Eastern Roman Empire (referred to by historians as the Byzantine Empire) survived for nearly a thousand ...
Marcus Terentius Varro (116–27 BCE) was a Roman polymath and a prolific author. He is regarded as ancient Rome 's greatest scholar, and was described by Petrarch as "the third great light of Rome" (after Virgil and Cicero ). [ 1 ]
The study of mathematics as a "demonstrative discipline" began in the 6th century BC with the Pythagoreans, who coined the term "mathematics" from the ancient Greek μάθημα (mathema), meaning "subject of instruction". [4] Greek mathematics greatly refined the methods (especially through the introduction of deductive reasoning and ...
In the Julian calendar, an ordinary year is 365 days long, and a leap year is 366 days long. Between 45 BC and AD 1, leap years occurred at irregular intervals. Starting in AD 4, leap years occurred regularly every four years. Year numbers were rarely used; rather, the year was specified by naming the Roman consuls for that year. (As consuls ...
There are some examples of year numbers after 1000 written as two Roman numerals 1–99, e.g. 1613 as XVIXIII, corresponding to the common reading "sixteen thirteen" of such year numbers in English, or 1519 as X XIX as in French quinze-cent-dix-neuf (fifteen-hundred and nineteen), and similar readings in other languages. [37]
Roman male dolls existed; they were possibly intended to be used by boys. One remnant of the torso of a Roman soldier doll was found in Lyon, in the grave of a 10-year-old Roman girl named Claudia Victoria. [124] Figures of gladiators, actors, soldiers, and slaves were popular toys. [97]
In 123 BC, an official endeavor was made to provide a record of the whole of Roman history. This work filled eighty books and was known as the Annales maximi. The composition recorded the official events of the State, such as elections and commands, civic, provincial and cult business, set out in formal arrangements year by year. [4]
This is a list of cities and towns founded by the Romans.. It lists cities established and built by the ancient Romans to have begun as a colony, often for the settlement of citizens or veterans of the legions.