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The overall equation for the light-dependent reactions is generally: [11] Overview of the Calvin cycle and carbon fixation C3 Pathway. 2 H 2 O + 2 NADP + + 3 ADP + 3 P i + light → 2 NADPH + 2 H + + 3 ATP + O 2. The light-independent reactions undergo the Calvin-Benson cycle, in which the energy from NADPH and ATP is used to convert carbon ...
The U.S. Department of Commerce Office of Inspector General (DOC OIG) is one of the Inspector General offices created by the Inspector General Act of 1978. [1] The Inspector General for the Department of Commerce is charged with investigating and auditing department programs to combat waste, fraud, and abuse. [1]
During the second stage, the light-independent reactions use these products to fix carbon by capturing and reducing carbon dioxide. The series of biochemical redox reactions which take place in the stroma are collectively called the Calvin cycle or light-independent reactions.
The Calvin cycle, light-independent reactions, bio synthetic phase, dark reactions, or photosynthetic carbon reduction (PCR) cycle [1] of photosynthesis is a series of chemical reactions that convert carbon dioxide and hydrogen-carrier compounds into glucose. The Calvin cycle is present in all photosynthetic eukaryotes and also many ...
The Council of the Inspectors General on Integrity and Efficiency (CIGIE) addresses integrity, economy, and effectiveness issues that transcend individual Government agencies; and increase the professionalism and effectiveness of personnel by developing policies, technical standards, and approaches to aid in the establishment of a well-trained and highly skilled workforce in the Office of ...
The Office of Inspector General for the Department of State (OIG) is an independent office within the U.S. Department of State with a primary responsibility to prevent and detect waste, fraud, abuse, and mismanagement.
In addition to their inspector general members, the CIGIE includes non-inspector general representatives from the federal executive branch, such as executives from the Office of Management and Budget, the Office of Personnel Management, the Office of Government Ethics, the Office of Special Counsel, and the Federal Bureau of Investigation. The ...
The Office of Inspector General is broken up into six main components: management services, legal services, audit services, technology services, enterprise & external affairs, and investigation services. Each component is headed by an Assistant Inspector General (AIG) assisted by a Deputy Assistant Inspector General (DAIG). [3]