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Costelytra zealandica (commonly known as the grass grub) [1] is a species of scarab beetle found in forested areas of greater Wellington. [ 2 ] [ 3 ] It was originally described in 1846 by the British entomologist Adam White as Rhisotrogus zealandicus from a specimen obtained during the Ross expedition . [ 4 ]
Originally, only native species of grasses such as tussocks were affected, but they have subsequently adapted to feed on the exotic species that have been brought into New Zealand, as their abundance continues to grow. Adult beetles feed on leaves of trees, shrubs, brassicas and foliage of pasture crops. If there is a concentrated group of ...
Fertilizer trees are used in agroforestry to improve the condition of soils used for farming. As woody legumes, they capture nitrogen from the air and put it in the soil through their roots and falling leaves. [1] They can also bring nutrients from deep in the soil up to the surface for crops with roots that cannot reach that depth. [2]
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Plant identification is a determination of the identity of an unknown plant by comparison with previously collected specimens or with the aid of books or identification manuals. The process of identification connects the specimen with a published name. Once a plant specimen has been identified, its name and properties are known.
Angiospermae; Scientific name Common name Family Conservation status Hardwoods; Aceraceae: maple family; Acer: maples; Acer amplum: broad maple Aceraceae (maple family) : Acer argutum
The grubs hatch by late July. The grub population consists mainly of first instars in early- to mid-August, second instars by early September, and third instars by mid-September to early October. In frost zones, the grubs feed until November, then move deeper into the soil. In frost-free areas, the larva will feed all winter.
A species of bee fly, Exoprosopa fasciata, is also a parasite of this genus. The fly larvae feed on the beetle grub in the ground and pupate in the grub cell where they stay over the winter. [4] Wasps in numerous families, including Pelecinidae, Scoliidae, and Tiphiidae, are parasitoids of Phyllophaga grubs.