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Interior view of the Pantheon showing the oculus of the building. Many ancient Roman temples were constructed for religious purposes. The most influential example is the Pantheon. Pantheon is a Greek adjective meaning “honor all Gods”, in fact it was first built as a temple to all gods.
The architecture of the Panthéon is an early example of Neoclassicism, surmounted by a dome that owes some of its character to Bramante's Tempietto. In 1851, Léon Foucault conducted a demonstration of diurnal motion at the Panthéon by suspending a pendulum from the ceiling, a copy of which is still visible today .
Ancient Greek architecture came from the Greeks, or Hellenes, whose culture flourished on the Greek mainland, the Peloponnese, the Aegean Islands, and in colonies in Anatolia and Italy for a period from about 900 BC until the 1st century AD, with the earliest remaining architectural works dating from around 600 BC.
Cross-section of the Pantheon's rotunda. A rotunda (from Latin rotundus) is any roofed building with a circular ground plan, and sometimes covered by a dome.It may also refer to a round room within a building (a famous example being the one below the dome of the United States Capitol in Washington, D.C.).
Facade of the Pantheon, Rome. By far the most famous roofed round Roman building is the Pantheon, Rome.However this sharply differs from other classical tholoi in that it is entered though a very large flat temple front with a projecting portico with three rows of columns, while the rest of the exterior is a blank wall without columns or windows, so the circular form is rather obscured from ...
[19] [20] Although new temples to Greek deities still continued to be constructed, e.g. the Tychaion at Selge [21] [22] they tend to follow the canonical forms of the developing Roman imperial style of architecture [23] or to maintain local non-Greek idiosyncrasies, like the temples in Petra [24] or Palmyra. [25]
In Classical architecture, a cella (from Latin 'small chamber') or naos (from Ancient Greek ναός (naós) 'temple') is the inner chamber of an ancient Greek or Roman temple. Its enclosure within walls has given rise to extended meanings, of a hermit's or monk's cell, and since the 17th century, of a biological cell in plants or animals.
ɒ s / or US: / p r oʊ ˈ n eɪ. ə s /) is the inner area of the portico of a Greek or Roman temple, situated between the portico's colonnade or walls and the entrance to the cella, or shrine. Roman temples commonly had an open pronaos, usually with only columns and no walls, and the pronaos could be as long as the cella .