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Wiggers diagram of the cardiac cycle, with isovolumic relaxation marked at top. Isovolumic relaxation time (IVRT) is an interval in the cardiac cycle, from the aortic component of the second heart sound, that is, closure of the aortic valve, to onset of filling by opening of the mitral valve. [1]
Diastole (/ d aɪ ˈ æ s t ə l i / dy-AST-ə-lee) is the relaxed phase of the cardiac cycle when the chambers of the heart are refilling with blood. The contrasting phase is systole when the heart chambers are contracting. Atrial diastole is the relaxing of the atria, and ventricular diastole the relaxing of the ventricles.
A normal systolic blood pressure will be less than 120 mm Hg, and a normal diastolic blood pressure will be less than 80 mm Hg. [3] A blood pressure that is more than 15 mm Hg different between the right and left arm may indicate a problem with the patient's blood vessels. [1] A normal heart rate is between 60 and 100 beats per minute.
Ventricular relaxation, or diastole, follows repolarization of the ventricles and is represented by the T wave of the ECG. It too is divided into two distinct phases and lasts approximately 430 ms. [1] During the early phase of ventricular diastole, as the ventricular muscle relaxes, pressure on the remaining blood within the ventricle begins ...
Diastole (at right) normally refers to atria and ventricles at relaxation and expansion together—while refilling with blood returning to the heart. Systole (left) typically refers to ventricular systole , during which the ventricles are pumping (or ejecting) blood out of the heart through the aorta and the pulmonary veins.
The isovolumetric contraction phase lasts about 0.05 seconds, [1] but this short period of time is enough to build up a sufficiently high pressure that eventually overcomes that of the aorta and the pulmonary artery upon opening of the semilunar valves. This process, therefore, helps maintain the correct unidirectional flow of blood through the ...
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Major factors influencing cardiac output – heart rate and stroke volume, both of which are variable. [1]In cardiac physiology, cardiac output (CO), also known as heart output and often denoted by the symbols , ˙, or ˙, [2] is the volumetric flow rate of the heart's pumping output: that is, the volume of blood being pumped by a single ventricle of the heart, per unit time (usually measured ...