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Italian Cyrenaica (Italian: Cirenaica Italiana; Arabic: برقة الايطالیة) was an Italian colony, located in present-day eastern Libya, that existed from 1911 to 1934. It was part of the territory conquered from the Ottoman Empire during the Italo-Turkish War of 1911, [ 1 ] alongside Italian Tripolitania .
King of Italy Governor-General of Italian Libya (after 1934) Formation: 2 September 1912: First holder: Ottavio Briccola: Final holder: Guglielmo Nasi: Abolished: 1 July 1935: Succession: Governor-General of Italian Libya
Three days later, the Ottoman Empire officially ceded the province to the Kingdom of Italy. On 17 May 1919, Cyrenaica was established as an Italian colony, and, on 25 October 1920, the Italian government recognized Sheikh Sidi Idriss as the leader of the Senussi, who was granted the princely rank of emir until 1929. In that year, Italy withdrew ...
Italian colonial authorities forcibly expelled 100,000 Eastern Libyan Bedouins, half the population of Cyrenaica, from their settlements that were given to Italian colonist settlers, an action that has been described as ethnic cleansing. [12] Less than 40,000 Libyan survivors left Italian refugee camps following their release in 1934. [13]
In one hundred and fifty battles gloriously sustained in the service of His Majesty the King of Italy, gave constant evidence of strong heroic military discipline, of fierce warrior spirit, of unquestioned loyalty and value, lavishing their blood with a zeal and devotion than never had limitations. Eritrea - Tripoli - Cyrenaica, from 1889 to 1929.
Cyrenaica province is one of the three traditional Provinces of Libya. It was a formal province from 1934 until 1963, when it was subdivided into the Governorates of Libya. Its capital was the city of Benghazi. Between 1911 and 1934 it had been the separately governed colony of Italian Cyrenaica. In 1963 the province was split into: Bayda ...
The Libyans suffered between 40,000 [3] and 70,000 deaths [4] due to battles, deportation and starvation, while the Italian colonial troops lose 2,582 men [5] Estimated 100,000 to 250,000 indigenous Libyans also immigrated or went into exile during the period from the start of the Italo-Turkish war in 1911 to the end of Italian governance in 1943.
During the Italian colonization of Libya, the Kingdom of Italy established several concentration camps as part of its efforts to suppress resistance and control the local population. These camps were used to detain and persecute Libyans, especially during the later stages of the colonization period.