Search results
Results from the WOW.Com Content Network
The new Austrian tunneling method (NATM), also known as the sequential excavation method (SEM) or sprayed concrete lining method [1] (SCL), is a method of modern tunnel design and construction employing sophisticated monitoring to optimize various wall reinforcement techniques based on the type of rock encountered as tunneling progresses.
Franz Pacher (28 April 1919 in Prostřední Suchá, present-day Czech Republic – 3 March 2018 in Salzburg, Austria [1]) was an Austrian civil engineer and a pioneer of modern tunneling. He is one of three men who are considered to be the chief developers of the new Austrian tunneling method (NATM). [2]
Ladislaus von Rabcewicz (June 12, 1893 in Kungota, nearby Maribor – December 19, 1975) was an Austrian engineer and university professor at the Vienna University of Technology. He is notable for being one of three men who developed the new Austrian tunneling method (NATM).
Tunnel Construction. Tunnels are dug in types of materials varying from soft clay to hard rock. The method of tunnel construction depends on such factors as the ground conditions, the ground water conditions, the length and diameter of the tunnel drive, the depth of the tunnel, the logistics of supporting the tunnel excavation, the final use and shape of the tunnel and appropriate risk management.
The original system as developed by Lauffer is nowadays by many regarded as obsolete but his ideas are incorporated in modern rock mechanics science, such as the relation between the span of a tunnel and the stand-up time, and notably in the New Austrian Tunnelling Method. Reference: Lauffer, H. (1958). "Gebirgsklassifizierung für den ...
To save costs, the tunnel was built using the New Austrian Tunnelling Method (NATM). In 1994 parts of the unopened tunnels near the airport collapsed. [ 3 ] The collapse not only delayed the finishing of the railway tunnel beneath the airport but also caused the temporary suspension of Piccadilly line services to the airport whilst the ground ...
All tunnels are built with the New Austrian tunnelling method, and a number of challenges have been encountered while tunnelling through the geologically young, unstable Sivalik Hills. In particular, water entered the Udhampur-to-Katra section; this required drastic solutions with steel arches and several feet of shotcrete .
The construction works contract was cancelled in 2001, and the works were resumed by Konstruktor in 2002 after a new contract was awarded to them. Konstruktor completed the construction of the first tunnel tube by June 2003 and the second one in June 2007. [1] The tunnel was executed using the New Austrian Tunneling method. [4]