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physicist electro-optics pioneer, discovery of Kerr effect Alexander King: 1909–2007 chemist co-founder of the Club of Rome and pioneer of sustainable development: Norman Boyd Kinnear: 1882–1957 zoologist Cargill Gilston Knott: 1856–1922 physicist and mathematician pioneer in seismology: Johann von Lamont: 1805–1879 astronomer
Peter Guthrie Tait FRSE (28 April 1831 – 4 July 1901) was a Scottish mathematical physicist and early pioneer in thermodynamics.He is best known for the mathematical physics textbook Treatise on Natural Philosophy, which he co-wrote with Lord Kelvin, and his early investigations into knot theory.
Charles Thomson Rees Wilson (14 February 1869 – 15 November 1959) was a Scottish physicist and meteorologist who shared the 1927 Nobel Prize in Physics with Arthur Compton for his invention of the cloud chamber. [1] [2]
William John Macquorn Rankine FRSE FRS (/ ˈ r æ ŋ k ɪ n /; 5 July 1820 – 24 December 1872) was a Scottish mathematician and physicist.He was a founding contributor, with Rudolf Clausius and William Thomson (Lord Kelvin), to the science of thermodynamics, particularly focusing on its First Law.
Maxwell’s thermodynamic surface is an 1874 sculpture [1] made by Scottish physicist James Clerk Maxwell (1831–1879). This model provides a three-dimensional space of the various states of a fictitious substance with water-like properties. [2] This plot has coordinates volume (x), entropy (y), and energy (z).
Thermodynamic diagrams usually show a net of five different lines: isobars = lines of constant pressure; isotherms = lines of constant temperature; dry adiabats = lines of constant potential temperature representing the temperature of a rising parcel of dry air
Balfour Stewart (1 November 1828 – 19 December 1887) was a Scottish physicist and meteorologist. His studies in the field of radiant heat led to him receiving the Rumford Medal of the Royal Society in 1868. In 1859 he was appointed director of Kew Observatory.
The history of thermodynamics is a fundamental strand in the history of physics, the history of chemistry, and the history of science in general. Due to the relevance of thermodynamics in much of science and technology, its history is finely woven with the developments of classical mechanics, quantum mechanics, magnetism, and chemical kinetics, to more distant applied fields such as ...