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As time has passed, history and sociology have developed into two different specific academic disciplines. Historical data was used and is used today in mainly these three ways: examining a theory through a parallel investigation, applying and contrasting events or policies (such as Verstehen), and considering the causalities from a macro point of view.
This is the difference between the empirical sciences of action, such as sociology and history, and any kind of prior discipline, such as jurisprudence, logic, ethics, or aesthetics whose aim is to extract from their subject-matter 'correct' or 'valid' meaning. [69] —
2. comparative history as parallel demonstration of theory – the emphasis is on identifying similarities across relevant cases; 3. comparative history as contrast of contexts – the emphasis is on the differences between cases and the uniqueness of each case. Scholars that use this approach tends to be wary of drawing broad generalizations.
Sociology is the systematic study of society, individuals' relationship to their societies, the consequences of difference, and other aspects of human social action. [48] The meaning of the word comes from the suffix -logy , which means "study of", derived from Ancient Greek, and the stem soci- , which is from the Latin word socius , meaning ...
Sociology was established by Comte in 1838. [10] He had earlier used the term "social physics", but that had subsequently been appropriated by others, most notably the Belgian statistician Adolphe Quetelet. Comte endeavoured to unify history, psychology and economics through the scientific understanding of the social realm.
Adas, Michael. "Social History and the Revolution in African and Asian Historiography," Journal of Social History 19 (1985): 335–378. Anderson, Michael. Approaches to the History of the Western Family 1500-1914 (1995) 104pp excerpt and text search; Cabrera, Miguel A. Postsocial History: An Introduction. (2004). 163 pp.
Traditional society has often been contrasted with modern industrial society, with figures like Durkheim and Pierre Bourdieu stressing such polarities as community vs. society or mechanical vs. organic solidarity; [3] while Claude Lévi-Strauss saw traditional societies as 'cold' societies in that they refused to allow the historical process to define their social sense of legitimacy.
He was the first person to coin the term sociology. Comte suggests that sociology is the product of a three-stage development: [1] Theological stage: From the beginning of human history until the end of the European Middle Ages, people took a religious view that society expressed God's will. [1]