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  2. Pumping lemma for regular languages - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pumping_lemma_for_regular...

    The proof that the language of balanced (i.e., properly nested) parentheses is not regular follows the same idea. Given p {\displaystyle p} , there is a string of balanced parentheses that begins with more than p {\displaystyle p} left parentheses, so that y {\displaystyle y} will consist entirely of left parentheses.

  3. Context-free grammar - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Context-free_grammar

    In contrast to well-formed nested parentheses and square brackets in the previous section, there is no context-free grammar for generating all sequences of two different types of parentheses, each separately balanced disregarding the other, where the two types need not nest inside one another, for example: [ ( ] ) or

  4. C++ string handling - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/C++_string_handling

    The std::string class is the standard representation for a text string since C++98. The class provides some typical string operations like comparison, concatenation, find and replace, and a function for obtaining substrings. An std::string can be constructed from a C-style string, and a C-style string can also be obtained from one. [7]

  5. Comparison of programming languages (syntax) - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Comparison_of_programming...

    Like raw strings, there can be any number of equals signs between the square brackets, provided both the opening and closing tags have a matching number of equals signs; this allows nesting as long as nested block comments/raw strings use a different number of equals signs than their enclosing comment: --[[comment --[=[ nested comment ...

  6. Dyck language - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dyck_language

    The number of distinct Dyck words with exactly n pairs of parentheses is the n-th Catalan number. Notice that the Dyck language of words with n parentheses pairs is equal to the union, over all possible k, of the Dyck languages of words of n parentheses pairs with k innermost pairs, as defined in

  7. C syntax - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/C_syntax

    The total number of bits in a single bit field must not exceed the total number of bits in its declared type (this is allowed in C++ however, where the extra bits are used for padding). As a special exception to the usual C syntax rules, it is implementation-defined whether a bit field declared as type int , without specifying signed or ...

  8. String literal - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/String_literal

    C++ has two styles of string, one inherited from C (delimited by "), and the safer std::string in the C++ Standard Library. The std::string class is frequently used in the same way a string literal would be used in other languages, and is often preferred to C-style strings for its greater flexibility and safety.

  9. Symbols of grouping - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Symbols_of_grouping

    For example, in the expression 3(x+y) the parentheses are symbols of grouping, but in the expression (3, 5) the parentheses may indicate an open interval. The most common symbols of grouping are the parentheses and the square brackets, and the latter are usually used to avoid too many repeated parentheses.