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  2. Zirconium alloys - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Zirconium_alloys

    Zirconium cladding rapidly reacts with water steam above 1,500 K (1,230 °C). [15] [16] Oxidation of zirconium by water is accompanied by release of hydrogen gas. This oxidation is accelerated at high temperatures, e.g. inside a reactor core if the fuel assemblies are no longer completely covered by liquid water and insufficiently cooled. [17]

  3. High-entropy alloy - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/High-entropy_alloy

    In particular, alloys of titanium, hafnium, and zirconium have been shown to have enhanced work hardening and ductility characteristics. [76] Bala et al. studied the effects of high-temperature exposure on the microstructure and mechanical properties of the Al 5 Ti 5 Co 35 Ni 35 Fe 20 high-entropy alloy. After hot rolling and air-quenching, the ...

  4. Zirconium nitride - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Zirconium_nitride

    ZrN grown by physical vapor deposition (PVD) is a light gold color similar to elemental gold. ZrN has a room-temperature electrical resistivity of 12.0 μΩ·cm, a temperature coefficient of resistivity of 5.6·10 −8 Ω·cm/K, a superconducting transition temperature of 10.4 K, and a relaxed lattice parameter of 0.4575 nm.

  5. Thermal equation of state of solids - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Thermal_equation_of_state...

    In physics, the thermal equation of state is a mathematical expression of pressure P, temperature T, and, volume V.The thermal equation of state for ideal gases is the ideal gas law, expressed as PV=nRT (where R is the gas constant and n the amount of substance), while the thermal equation of state for solids is expressed as:

  6. Permeability (porous media) - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Permeability_(porous_media)

    The global proportionality constant for the flow of water through a porous medium is called the hydraulic conductivity (K, unit: m/s). Permeability, or intrinsic permeability, ( k , unit: m 2 ) is a part of this, and is a specific property characteristic of the solid skeleton and the microstructure of the porous medium itself, independently of ...

  7. Zirconium hydride - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Zirconium_hydride

    Zirconium hydrides form upon interaction of the metal with hydrogen gas. Whereas this reaction occurs even at room temperature, homogeneous bulk hydrogenation is usually achieved by annealing at temperatures of 400–600 °C for a period between several hours and a few weeks. [ 4 ]

  8. Van der Waals constants (data page) - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Van_der_Waals_constants...

    The following table lists the Van der Waals constants (from the Van der Waals equation) for a number of common gases and volatile liquids. [ 1 ] To convert from L 2 b a r / m o l 2 {\displaystyle \mathrm {L^{2}bar/mol^{2}} } to L 2 k P a / m o l 2 {\displaystyle \mathrm {L^{2}kPa/mol^{2}} } , multiply by 100.

  9. Gas constant - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gas_constant

    The gas constant occurs in the ideal gas law: = = where P is the absolute pressure, V is the volume of gas, n is the amount of substance, m is the mass, and T is the thermodynamic temperature. R specific is the mass-specific gas constant. The gas constant is expressed in the same unit as molar heat.