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The campaign in south-west France in late 1813 and early 1814 was the final campaign of the Peninsular War.An allied army of British, Portuguese and Spanish soldiers under the command of Arthur Wellesley, Marquess of Wellington fought a string of battles against French forces under the command of Marshal Jean de Dieu Soult, from the Iberian Peninsula across the Pyrenees and into south-west ...
Three armies participated in the battle: Napoleon's Armée du Nord, a multinational army under Wellington, and a Prussian army under General Blücher. The French army of around 74,500 consisted of 54,014 infantry, 15,830 cavalry, and 8,775 artilleries with 254 guns.
On 20 June 1815 an order of the day was issued to the British army before they entered France. It placed the officers and men in his army under military order to treat the ordinary French population as if they were members of a Coalition nation. [38] This by and large Wellington's army did paying for food and lodgings.
What remained of the French army then abandoned the field in disorder. Wellington and Blücher met at the inn of La Belle Alliance, on the north–south road which bisected the battlefield, and it was agreed that the Prussians should pursue the retreating French army back to France. [168] The Treaty of Paris was signed on 20 November 1815. [170]
The 4th Division (Colville's) rejoined the main body of Wellington's army, as Cambrai had been handed over to the troops of the King of France, under the Charles, Duke of Berry. The reserve moved on to Bellicourt and Bellenglise .
Arthur Wellesley, 1st Duke of Wellington. Combined British, Dutch and Hanoverian forces were under the supreme command of Field Marshal Arthur Wellesley, 1st Duke of Wellington. The order of battle included below reflects all units of the Anglo-allied Army including those that were not present for the battles themselves (units spread across the ...
Military historian Ian Fletcher identifies twenty-four major battles and sieges involving the British Army between 1808 and 1815 with Wellington in command of seventeen. [3] Military historian Mark Adkin commented that "Wellington had fought in some twenty-four battles and sieges prior to Waterloo". [4]
Under the terms of the treaty parts of France were to be occupied by up to 150,000 soldiers for five years, with France covering the cost; however, the Coalition occupation, under the command of the Duke of Wellington, was only deemed necessary for three years and the foreign troops pulled out in 1818. [25] [26]