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At Coventry cathedral, Araldite adhesive was used to bond its columns and fins, while at Sydney Opera House, Araldite adhesive was used to bond the rib sections of the shells, since a traditional concrete joint would have slowed construction, as it would need 24 hours to cure before stressing. [5]
It uses the triple point, freezing point or melting point of pure substances such as water, zinc, tin, and argon to generate a known and repeatable temperature. These cells allow the user to reproduce actual conditions of the ITS-90 temperature scale. Fixed-point calibrations provide extremely accurate calibrations (within ±0.001 °C).
Resistance thermometer principle: relation between temperature and electrical resistance of metals (platinum) (electrical resistance), range: 10 to 1,000 kelvins, application in physics and industry Solid thermometer principle: relation between temperature and length of a solid ( coefficient of thermal expansion ).
A calorimeter is a device which is used to measure and define the internal energy of a system. Some common thermodynamic meters are: Thermometer – a device which measures temperature as described above; Barometer – a device which measures pressure, most notably atmospheric pressure. [3]
A medical/clinical thermometer showing the temperature of 38.7 °C (101.7 °F) Temperature measurement (also known as thermometry) describes the process of measuring a current temperature for immediate or later evaluation. Datasets consisting of repeated standardized measurements can be used to assess temperature trends.
1742 — Anders Celsius proposed a temperature scale in which 100 represented the temperature of melting ice and 0 represented the boiling point of water at 25 inches and 3 lines of barometric mercury height. [8] This corresponds to 751.16 mm, [9] so that on the present-day definition, this boiling point is 99.67 degrees Celsius. [10]
vapour pressure thermometers: these can be used to measure temperatures down to about 0.5K; resistance thermometers: these can be used to measure temperatures at 0.01 K. melting curve thermometers: these can be used to measure temperatures between about 0.001K and 0.5K; resistance noise thermometers: these can be used to down to about 0.001K ...
In the 1860s–1870s brothers William and Werner Siemens developed a platinum resistance thermometer, initially to measure temperature in undersea cables, but then adapted for measuring temperatures in metallurgy up to 1000 °C, hence deserving a name of a pyrometer. Around 1890 Henry Louis Le Chatelier developed the thermoelectric pyrometer. [8]