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Space Shuttle Discovery as it approaches the International Space Station during the STS-114 on 28 July 2005. The Space Shuttle thermal protection system (TPS) is the barrier that protected the Space Shuttle Orbiter during the extreme 1,650 °C (3,000 °F) heat of atmospheric reentry. A secondary goal was to protect from the heat and cold of ...
Corrosion in space is the corrosion of materials occurring in outer space.Instead of moisture and oxygen acting as the primary corrosion causes, the materials exposed to outer space are subjected to vacuum, bombardment by ultraviolet and X-rays, solar energetic particles (mostly electrons and protons from solar wind), and electromagnetic radiation. [1]
This new design introduced several other changes to improve resistance and give the device a longer shelf life, such as switching the material of the body from 17-4 PH steel to Inconel 718. [ 4 ] After the Apollo program ended, the Initiator was renamed and re-used on other spacecraft , such as the Space Shuttle .
Originally it was planned to have MISSE-1 and 2 deployed for about a year and MISSE-3 and 4 for up to three years. Due to the grounding of the shuttle fleet after the Space Shuttle Columbia disaster required that changes be made to these plans. MISSEs 1 and 2 provided the three-year data and MISSEs 3 and 4 have provided the one-year data.
The shuttle program was marked by triumphs and failures, including the 2003 Columbia disaster. The tragedies left a lasting mark on the perception of risks in space.
NASA's Long Duration Exposure Facility, or LDEF (pronounced "eldef"), was a cylindrical facility designed to provide long-term experimental data on the outer space environment and its effects on space systems, materials, operations and selected spores' survival. [2] [3] It was placed in low Earth orbit by Space Shuttle Challenger in April
A second space shuttle disaster. Seventeen years after the Challenger disaster, another shuttle and its crew were lost in the skies above America: The shuttle Columbia broke apart upon reentry on ...
Figure 1. An UHTC strake composed of three different sections with different UHTC compositions. [4]Beginning in the early 1960s, demand for high-temperature materials by the nascent aerospace industry prompted the United States Air Force Materials Laboratory to begin funding the development of a new class of materials that could withstand the environment of proposed hypersonic vehicles such as ...