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Giuseppe Maria Garibaldi (/ ˌ ɡ ær ɪ ˈ b ɑː l d i / GARR-ib-AHL-dee, Italian: [dʒuˈzɛppe ɡariˈbaldi] ⓘ; [note 1] 4 July 1807 – 2 June 1882) was an Italian general, revolutionary and republican. He contributed to Italian unification (Risorgimento) and the creation of the Kingdom of Italy.
The Expedition of the Thousand (Italian: Spedizione dei Mille) was an event of the unification of Italy that took place in 1860. A corps of volunteers led by Giuseppe Garibaldi sailed from Quarto al Mare near Genoa and landed in Marsala, Sicily, in order to conquer the Kingdom of the Two Sicilies, ruled by the Spanish House of Bourbon-Two Sicilies. [3]
The Southern Army (Italian: esercito meridionale) was the force of around 50,000 Italian and foreign volunteers which formed as a result of the Expedition of the Thousand. The name was coined by Giuseppe Garibaldi. Its officers wore red uniforms and so - like the Thousand - the force's rank and file became known as redshirts.
The Army was organized into four brigades, "the first commanded by General Bossack, the second by Colonel Delpeck… and the third by Menotti [Garibaldi, Giuseppe's son]." [4] The fourth brigade was under the command of Ricciotti Garibaldi, another of Giuseppe's sons. The chief of staff for the Army of the Vosges was General Bordone, the man ...
Redshirts and Garibaldino were used to describe Italian volunteers in subsequent international conflicts, including the Garibaldi Legion of Poland organized by Garibaldi's son Menotti during the January Uprising (1863); the Redshirt volunteers led by Garibaldi's son Ricciotti that fought with the army of Greece during the Greco-Turkish War ...
Garibaldi's - Red Shirts at Calatafimi. The Battle of Calatafimi was fought on the 15 May 1860 between Giuseppe Garibaldi's Redshirts and the troops of the Kingdom of the Two Sicilies at Calatafimi, Sicily, as part of the Expedition of the Thousand (Italian: I Mille).
The British Legion (Italian: Legione Britannica) was a military corps composed of English and Scottish volunteers, who in 1860 joined Giuseppe Garibaldi during the Expedition of the Thousand and fought for the unification of Italy, together with the Italian Redshirts, as part of their Southern Army against the Bourbon Army of the Kingdom of the Two Sicilies.
Giuseppe Garibaldi's army of volunteers was attacked by the Royal Italian Army while marching from Sicily towards Rome, capital of the Papal States, which it intended to annex into the newly created Kingdom of Italy. In the fighting, which took place a few kilometers from Gambarie, Garibaldi was wounded and taken prisoner. [1]: 331–335