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"50 Jahre Ausgrabungen im Oppidum von Manching 1955–2005" Detailed and well-illustrated German Archaeological Institute magazine article celebrating 50 years of research. It is the source of most information on this page. Coins from Manching; Metrological research into the foot measurement found in the Celtic oppidum of Manching (Schubert 1993)
An oppidum (pl.: oppida) is a large fortified Iron Age settlement or town. Oppida are primarily associated with the Celtic late La Tène culture , emerging during the 2nd and 1st centuries BC, spread across Europe, stretching from Britain and Iberia in the west to the edge of the Hungarian Plain in the east.
The Oppidum du Fossé des Pandours is an urban center of the Celtic people known as the Mediomatrici. It was established near the Saverne Pass, within the territory of the modern communes of Saverne and Ottersthal . It is the largest oppidum in the region of Alsace. The territory of the Mediomatrici is home to several oppida.
It is sometimes referred to in English as a timber-framed wall. The construction method is also known as "Kelheim-style", named after the extensive ramparts at the oppidum of Kelheim . At the oppidum of Manching , an earlier murus gallicus rampart was rebuilt in Pfostenschlitzmauer style.
By contrast to Manching, only a fraction of the walled area likely was occupied by buildings. The oppidum's location at the two rivers and between Manching, Berching, and other settlements farther downstream on the Danube, together with the ample supply of wood and iron, likely were the basis for its existence. [1]: 394
During an exploratory overflight in 1988, local amateur historians recognised the traces of a large tumulus in a field 300 m south of the oppidum. Between 1994 and 1997, the State Archaeological Service of Hesse excavated it. [10] The mound (mound 1) originally had a diameter of nearly 50 m and a height of 6 m.
[2] [3] [4] The site was abandoned when it was taken by the Romans in 123 B.C. and replaced by Aquae Sextiae (modern Aix-en-Provence), a new Roman city founded at the foot of the plateau. [5] By 90 B.C., the former oppidum was completely uninhabited. The site contains two distinct areas of settlement surrounded by ramparts.
Articles relating to oppida, large fortified Iron Age settlements. Oppida are associated with the Celtic late La Tène culture, emerging during the 2nd and 1st centuries BC, spread across Europe, stretching from Britain and Iberia in the west to the edge of the Hungarian plain in the east.
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