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M. xanthus 's A-motility is most effective in the presence of a single or low number of cells, allowing the bacteria to glide in high agar concentrations. The S-motility, or social motility, is controlled by the process of quorum sensing and is only effective when cells are within one cell length of a neighbor. [ 34 ]
Cell fusion is an important cellular process in which several uninucleate cells (cells with a single nucleus) combine to form a multinucleate cell, known as a syncytium. Cell fusion occurs during differentiation of myoblasts , osteoclasts and trophoblasts , during embryogenesis , and morphogenesis . [ 1 ]
Artist impression of cell components. The exact components of a cell are determined by whether the cell is a eukaryote or prokaryote. [7] Nucleus (eukaryotic only): storage of genetic material; control center of the cell. Cytosol: component of the cytoplasm consisting of jelly-like fluid in which organelles are suspended within
σ 70 (RpoD) – σ A – the "housekeeping" sigma factor or also called as primary sigma factor (Group 1), transcribes most genes in growing cells. Every cell has a "housekeeping" sigma factor that keeps essential genes and pathways operating. [1] In the case of E. coli and other gram-negative rod-shaped bacteria, the "housekeeping" sigma ...
The DNA of a prokaryotic cell consists of a single circular chromosome that is in direct contact with the cytoplasm. The nuclear region in the cytoplasm is called the nucleoid. Most prokaryotes are the smallest of all organisms, ranging from 0.5 to 2.0 μm in diameter. [1] [page needed] A prokaryotic cell has three regions:
The entire surface of the plant consists of a single layer of cells called epidermis or surface tissue. The entire surface of the plant has this outer layer of the epidermis. Hence it is also called surface tissue. Most of the epidermal cells are relatively flat. The outer and lateral walls of the cell are often thicker than the inner walls.
IL-1 - a cytokine derived from macrophages, this factor drives cells into S phase, usually working after BCGF I. [4] IL-1 weakly co-stimulates even resting B cells in the presence of anti-Ig and can enhance BCDF function. [2] IL-2 - a cytokine key activating factor for T cells and B cells secreted by T cells. [4]
A non-biological entity with a cellular organizational structure (also known as a cellular organization, cellular system, nodal organization, nodal structure, et cetera) is set up in such a way that it mimics how natural systems within biology work, with individual 'cells' or 'nodes' working somewhat independently to establish goals and tasks ...