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Playcentre is an early childhood education and parenting organisation which operates cooperative parent-led early childhood education centres [1] throughout New Zealand. While the concept originated in New Zealand, [ 5 ] it is now also established in Japan.
With Joan Wood and Inge Smithells, Beeby established the first nursery playcentres in the early 1940s, precursor to the present-day Playcentre organisation. [8] [9] The aim of the playcentres was to give mothers some relief from single parenting while their husbands were absent fighting in World War II. [3]
The architect Simon Nicholson numbered among the advantages of the adventure playground, "the relationship between experiment and play, community involvement, the catalytic value of play leaders, and indeed the whole concept of a free society in miniature.'" [7] Essential in this for Nicholson was the concept of 'loose parts': "In any ...
Stages of play is a theory and classification of children's participation in play developed by Mildred Parten Newhall in her 1929 dissertation. [1] Parten observed American preschool age (ages 2 to 5) children at free play (defined as anything unrelated to survival, production or profit). Parten recognized six different types of play:
The pool opened in 1992, and was then closed in November 1999 after problems were found including tiles coming away from walls, electrical problems and rusting structures. It reopened in 2002 and a new multisensory play area was introduced in 2003. [3] Repairs were estimated to have cost £270,000. [4]
Methods of communication may be restricted to a zone, part of a zone, a group of zones, or the entire environment. [1] Some parts (rooms/areas/groups of areas) of a MUD's environment may even block some or all types of communications (including non-message communication, such as coded social gestures) from entering, leaving or being performed or perceived).
Play is a range of intrinsically motivated activities done for recreation. [1] Play is commonly associated with children and juvenile-level activities, but may be engaged in at any life stage, and among other higher-functioning animals as well, most notably mammals and birds.
A playground, playpark, or play area is a place designed to provide an environment for children that facilitates play, typically outdoors. While a playground is usually designed for children, some are designed for other age groups, or people with disabilities. A playground might exclude children below (or above) a certain age.