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With PAE, the page table entry of the x86 architecture is enlarged from 32 to 64 bits. This allows more room for the physical page address, or "page frame number" field, in the page table entry. In the initial implementations of PAE the page frame number field was expanded from 20 to 24 bits.
x86-64 (also known as x64, x86_64, AMD64, and Intel 64) [note 1] is a 64-bit extension of the x86 instruction set architecture first announced in 1999. It introduces two new operating modes: 64-bit mode and compatibility mode, along with a new four-level paging mechanism.
AMD Zen 4 Family 19h – fourth generation Zen architecture, in 5 nm process. [5] Used in Ryzen 7000 consumer processors on the new AM5 platform with DDR5 and PCIe 5.0 support. Adds support for AVX-512 instruction set. AMD Zen 5 Family 1Ah – fifth generation Zen architecture, in 4 nm process. [6] Adds support for full-width AVX-512 pipeline.
Windows 11 supports x86-64 software emulation on ARM-based platforms. [82] The collaboration platform Microsoft Teams is integrated into the Windows 11 user interface, and is accessible via the taskbar. [83] Skype will no longer be bundled with the OS by default. [84] [85] [86] In early 2023, the Phone Link app gained limited support for ...
Intel 5-level paging, referred to simply as 5-level paging in Intel documents, is a processor extension for the x86-64 line of processors. [1]: 11 It extends the size of virtual addresses from 48 bits to 57 bits by adding an additional level to x86-64's multilevel page tables, increasing the addressable virtual memory from 256 TiB to 128 PiB.
As far as activating PSE-36, there isn't however a separate bit from the one that turns on PSE. [10] As long the processor (as indicated by cpuid) and chipset support PSE-36, enabling PSE alone (by setting bit 4, PSE, of the system register CR4) allows the use of large 4 MB pages (in the 64 GB range) along with normal 4 KB pages (which are however restricted to the 4 GB range).
The entries in the page directory have an additional flag, in bit 7, named PS (for page size). This flag was ignored without PSE, but now, the page-directory entry with PS set to 1 does not point to a page table, but to a single large 4 MiB page. The page-directory entry with PS set to 0 behaves as without PSE.
Over time, the PE format has grown with the Windows platform. Notable extensions include the .NET PE format for managed code, PE32+ for 64-bit address space support, and a specialized version for Windows CE. To determine whether a PE file is intended for 32-bit or 64-bit architectures, one can examine the Machine field in the IMAGE_FILE_HEADER. [6]