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Salvia officinalis, the common sage or sage, is a perennial, evergreen subshrub, with woody stems, grayish leaves, and blue to purplish flowers. It is a member of the mint family Lamiaceae and native to the Mediterranean region , though it has been naturalized in many places throughout the world.
As new discoveries are made, the taxonomic list of Salvia species will continue to change. [2] [3] [4] The first significant accounting of the genus was done by George Bentham in 1832–1836, based on a similarity in staminal morphology between Salvia members. [5] His work, Labiatarum Genera et Species (1836), is still the most comprehensive ...
Salvia (/ ˈ s æ l v i ə /) [3] is the largest genus of plants in the sage family Lamiaceae, with just under 1,000 species of shrubs, herbaceous perennials, and annuals. [4] [5] [6] Within the Lamiaceae, Salvia is part of the tribe Mentheae within the subfamily Nepetoideae. [4]
Also called English, Garden, and True sage oil. Made by steam distillation of Salvia officinalis partially dried leaves. Yields range from 0.5 to 1.0%. A colorless to yellow liquid with a warm camphoraceous, thujone-like odor and sharp and bitter taste. The main components of the oil are thujone (50%), camphor, pinene, and cineol.
The essential oil of S. officinalis subsp. lavandulifolia has been found to have a selective acetylcholinesterase-inhibiting effect, (in as far as the regions of the brain in which acetylcholinesterase activity has been demonstrated, such areas are striatum and hippocampus) with an IC 50 value of 0.03 μg/ml.
The phytochemical properties of Salvia jurisicii are considered comparable to those of the culinary sage, Salvia officinalis. [8] This is supported by Alimpich et al., [9] whose phytochemical analysis of above-ground parts of Salvia jurisicii indicates that the plant, especially the leaves, could be regarded as a potential source of natural ...
Sepia officinalis, the common cuttlefish or European common cuttlefish, a cuttlefish species native to the Mediterranean Sea, North Sea and Baltic Sea; Stachys officinalis, the purple betony, bishopwort, lousewort, wild hop, wood betony or bishop's wort, a perennial grassland herb species found in most of Europe, western Asia and North Africa
Salvia sclarea, the clary or clary sage (clary deriving from Middle English clarie, from Anglo-Norman sclaree, from Late or Medieval Latin sclarēia meaning clear), is a biennial (short-lived) herbaceous perennial in the genus Salvia. [2] It is native to the northern Mediterranean Basin and to some areas in north Africa and Central Asia.