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Cefoperazone contains an N-methylthiotetrazole (NMTT or 1-MTT) side chain.As the antibiotic is broken down in the body, it releases free NMTT, which can cause hypoprothrombinemia (likely due to inhibition of the enzyme vitamin K epoxide reductase) and a reaction with ethanol similar to that produced by disulfiram (Antabuse effect), due to inhibition of aldehyde dehydrogenase.
ATC code J01 Antibacterials for systemic use is a therapeutic subgroup of the Anatomical Therapeutic Chemical Classification System, a system of alphanumeric codes developed by the World Health Organization (WHO) for the classification of drugs and other medical products.
Cefoperazone/sulbactam is a combination drug used as an antibiotic. It is effective for the treatment of urinary tract infections . [ 2 ] It contains cefoperazone , a β-lactam antibiotic , and sulbactam , a β-lactamase inhibitor , which helps prevent bacteria from breaking down cefoperazone.
Cefoperazone [Unlike most third-generation agents, cefoperazone is active against Pseudomonas aeruginosa], combination Cefoperazone with Sulbactam makes more effective antibiotic, because Sulbactam avoid degeneration of Cefoperazone: Cefobid (discontinued) Cefotaxime: Claforan: Cefpodoxime: Vantin, Banadoz
Vaborbactam is a boronic acid β-lactamase inhibitor with a high affinity for serine β-lactamases, including Klebsiella pneumoniae carbapenemase (KPC). [5] Vaborbactam inhibits a variety of β-lactamases, exhibiting a 69 nM K i against the KPC-2 carbapenemase and even lower inhibition constants against CTX-M-15 and SHV-12.
The combination ampicillin/sulbactam (Unasyn) is available in the United States. [3] The combination cefoperazone/sulbactam (Sulperazon) is available in many countries but not in the United States. [4] The co-packaged combination sulbactam/durlobactam was approved for medical use in the United States in May 2023. [5]
Meropenem works by blocking the construction of the bacterial cell wall while vaborbactam blocks the breakdown of meropenem by some beta-lactamases. [4] The combination was approved for medical use in the United States in 2017, [6] in the European Union in 2018, [4] [3] and in Canada in December 2024. [1]
Meropenem, sold under the brand name Merrem among others, is an intravenous carbapenem antibiotic used to treat a variety of bacterial infections. [3] Some of these include meningitis, intra-abdominal infection, pneumonia, sepsis, and anthrax.