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The largest living amphibian is the 1.8 m (5 ft 11 in) South China giant salamander (Andrias sligoi), but this is dwarfed by prehistoric temnospondyls such as Mastodonsaurus which could reach up to 6 m (20 ft) in length. [7] The study of amphibians is called batrachology, while the study of both reptiles and amphibians is called herpetology.
The lancelet is a small, translucent, fish-like animal that is one of the closest living invertebrate relatives of the vertebrates. [ 80 ] [ 81 ] The lancelets were traditionally seen as the sister lineage to the vertebrates ; in turn, these two groups together (sometimes called Notochordata) were considered the sister group to the Tunicata ...
Amphibious fish are fish that are able to leave water for extended periods of time. About 11 distantly related genera of fish are considered amphibious. This suggests that many fish genera independently evolved amphibious traits, a process known as convergent evolution .
"Labyrinthodont"-grade vertebrates evolved from lobe-finned fishes in the Devonian, though a formal boundary between fish and amphibian is difficult to define at this point in time. "Labyrinthodont" generally refers to extinct four-limbed tetrapods with a large body size and a crocodile -like lifestyle.
The oldest known animal that may have been an amniote, a reptile rather than an amphibian, is Casineria [3] [4] (though it has also been argued to be a temnospondyl amphibian). [5] A series of footprints from the fossil strata of Nova Scotia, dated to 315 million years, show typical reptilian toes and imprints of scales. [6]
Amphibians are ectothermic, anamniotic, four-limbed vertebrate animals that constitute the class Amphibia. In its broadest sense, it is a paraphyletic group encompassing all tetrapods excluding the amniotes (tetrapods with an amniotic membrane , such as modern reptiles , birds and mammals ).
The world’s frogs, salamanders, newts and other amphibians remain in serious trouble. A new global assessment has found that 41% of amphibian species that scientists have studied are threatened ...
[12] [13] In the late 20th century, a flood of new fossil evidence mapped out in some detail the nature of the transition between the elpistostegalid fish and the early amphibians. [14] Most herpetologists and paleontologists , therefore, no longer accept the view that amphibians have arisen twice, from two related but separate groups of fish.
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