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Magic based on imagination, such as enchantments and magic of letters. [ 21 ] ʿIlm al-Limiya or "the knowledge of subjugation of the spirits"—uses the psyche to bring "higher and stronger spirits" (such as "the spirits of the stars", and jinn ) under the control of the magician.
In Arabic, "Magians" is the term for Zoroastrians. The term is mentioned in the Quran, in sura 22 verse 17, where the "Magians" are mentioned alongside the Jews , the Sabians and the Christians in a list of religions who will be judged on the Day of Resurrection .
Yūshaʿ ibn Nūn (Arabic: يُوْشَع ابْن نُوْن, Joshua, companion and successor of Moses) Khidr (Arabic: ٱلْخَضِر), described but not mentioned by name in the Quran ; Shamʿūn (Arabic: شَمْعُون ٱبْن حَمُّون, Peter, apostle of Jesus Christ ('Isa ibn Maryam)
ʿIlm al-Ḥurūf (Arabic: عِلْم الْحُرُوف) or the science of letters, also called Islamic lettrism, is a process of Arabic numerology whereby numerical values assigned to Arabic letters are added up to provide total values for words in the Quran, similar to Hebrew gematria. Used to infer meanings and reveal secret or hidden messages.
The belief in witchcraft in the Middle East has a long history. Belief in witchcraft as malevolent magic is attested from ancient Mesopotamia.In ancient Judaism, there existed a complex relationship with magic and witchcraft, with some forms of divination accepted by some rabbis, yet most viewed as forbidden or heretical.
A zairja (Arabic: زايرجة; also transcribed as zairjah, zairajah, zairdja, zairadja, and zayirga) was a device used by medieval Arab astrologers to generate ideas by mechanical means. The name may derive from a mixture of the Persian words zāycha ( Persian : زايچه "horoscope; astronomical table") and dāyra ( دایره "circle").
Jinn (Arabic: جِنّ ), also romanized as djinn or anglicized as genies, are invisible creatures in early pre-Islamic Arabia and later in Islamic culture and beliefs. [1] Like humans, they are accountable for their deeds and can be either believers ( Muslims ) or unbelievers ( kafir ), depending on whether they accept God 's guidance.
Majūs (Arabic: مجوس) or Magūs (Persian: مگوش) was originally a term meaning Zoroastrians, specifically priests. [1] It was a technical term for the magi, [2] [3] and like its synonym gabr (of uncertain etymology) originally had no pejorative implications. [4] It is also translated as "fire worshipper". [5]