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The Battle of Hattin, from a 13th-century manuscript of the Chronica Majora depicting the capture of the True Cross by Saladin. [1] The Battle of Hattin took place on 4 July 1187, between the Crusader states of the Levant and the forces of the Ayyubid sultan Saladin. It is also known as the Battle of the Horns of Hattin, due to the shape of the ...
The Horns of Hattin, c. 1925. The Horns of Hattin ( Hebrew: קרני חיטין, romanized: Karnei Hittin Arabic: قرون حطين, romanized: Qurûn Hattîn) is an extinct volcano with twin peaks overlooking the plains of Hattin in the Lower Galilee, Israel. It is most famous as the site of the Battle of Hattin (1187).
The Kingdom of Jerusalem, weakened by internal disputes, was defeated at the Battle of Hattin on 4 July 1187. Most of the nobility were taken prisoner, including King Guy. Thousands of Muslim slaves were freed. [2] [3] [4] By mid-September, Saladin had taken Acre, Nablus, Jaffa, Toron, Sidon, Beirut, and Ascalon.
Horns of Hattin. Hittin was located on the northern slopes of the double hill known as the "Horns of Hattin."It was strategically and commercially significant due to its location overlooking the Plain of Hittin, which opens onto the coastal lowlands of the Lake Tiberias (the Sea of Galilee) to the east, and to the west is linked by mountain passes leading towards the plains of lower Galilee.
A battle ensued, but this time the Christians had the advantage. Of the 400 horsemen who entered the fortress, only a handful escaped. [45] The others were either killed or beheaded. The battles were fierce and relentless. This wasn't just the last stand at Acre, it was the last stand of the crusader states. [46]
Gregory addresses "all of the faithful of Christ" in Audita tremendi. [6] In his letter, which begins with the words "Audita tremendi...", Gregory laments the Christian defeat in the Battle of Hattin on 4 July 1187, [7] which was accompanied by the execution of the Hospitallers and the Templars and the loss of the True Cross. [8]
In the summer of 1187, Saladin decided to launch a full-scale invasion against the crusaders, and only then was Raymond reconciled with Guy. Raymond commanded the vanguard of the crusaders' army in the Battle of Hattin, which ended with their catastrophic defeat. He was one of the few crusader commanders who were not killed or captured.
Horns of Hattin (left, appear yellow) Hittin was located on the northern slopes of the double hill known as "Horns of Hattin".It was strategically and commercially significant due to its location overlooking the Plain of Hittin, which opens onto the coastal lowlands of Lake Tiberias to the east, and to the west is linked by mountain passes leading towards the plains of the Lower Galilee.