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  2. Shellshock (software bug) - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Shellshock_(software_bug)

    Shellshock, also known as Bashdoor, [1] is a family of security bugs [2] in the Unix Bash shell, the first of which was disclosed on 24 September 2014.Shellshock could enable an attacker to cause Bash to execute arbitrary commands and gain unauthorized access [3] to many Internet-facing services, such as web servers, that use Bash to process requests.

  3. Shebang (Unix) - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Shebang_(Unix)

    In Linux, the file specified by interpreter can be executed if it has the execute rights and is one of the following: a native executable, such as an ELF binary; any kind of file for which an interpreter was registered via the binfmt_misc mechanism (such as for executing Microsoft .exe binaries using wine) another script starting with a shebang

  4. Bash (Unix shell) - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bash_(Unix_shell)

    Bash can execute the vast majority of Bourne shell scripts without modification, with the exception of Bourne shell scripts stumbling into fringe syntax behavior interpreted differently in Bash or attempting to run a system command matching a newer Bash builtin, etc. Bash command syntax includes ideas drawn from the Korn Shell (ksh) and the C ...

  5. Shell script - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Shell_script

    Editing a FreeBSD shell script for configuring ipfirewall. A shell script is a computer program designed to be run by a Unix shell, a command-line interpreter. [1] The various dialects of shell scripts are considered to be command languages. Typical operations performed by shell scripts include file manipulation, program execution, and printing ...

  6. List of GNU Core Utilities commands - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_GNU_Core_Utilities...

    Changes the permissions of a file or directory cp: Copies a file or directory dd: Copies and converts a file df: Shows disk free space on file systems dir: Is exactly like "ls -C -b". (Files are by default listed in columns and sorted vertically.) dircolors: Set up color for ls: install: Copies files and set attributes ln: Creates a link to a ...

  7. File URI scheme - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File_URI_scheme

    The single slash between host and path denotes the start of the local-path part of the URI and must be present. [5] A valid file URI must therefore begin with either file:/path (no hostname), file:///path (empty hostname), or file://hostname/path. file://path (i.e. two slashes, without a hostname) is never correct, but is often used.

  8. Magic number (programming) - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Magic_number_(programming)

    Standard MIDI audio files have the ASCII code for "MThd" (MIDI Track header, 4D 54 68 64) followed by more metadata. Unix or Linux scripts may start with a shebang ("#!", 23 21) followed by the path to an interpreter, if the interpreter is likely to be different from the one from which the script was invoked.

  9. List of software bugs - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_software_bugs

    The first line tries to find the script's containing directory. This could fail, for example if the directory was moved while the script was running, invalidating the "selfpath" variable $0 . It would also fail if $0 contained no slash character, or contained a broken symlink , perhaps mistyped by the user.