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Al-Ma'mun, (r. 813–833) was an Abbasid caliph, he was well educated and with a considerable interest in scholarship, al-Ma'mun promoted the Translation Movement, he was also an astronomer. Al-Mu'tasim, (833–842) was an Abbasid caliph, patron of the art and a powerful military leader.
Decline of the Abbasid Caliphate; Just like most Abbasid caliphs, He provided endowments to his kins Banu Hashim. 12 862 – 866 al-Mustaʿīn bi-ʾllāh: Aḥmad Muhammad ibn al-Mu'tasim, Abbasid prince; Makhariq, concubine from Sicily; Reigned during the Anarchy at Samarra. Fled to Baghdad in 865, beginning of the Fifth Fitna (civil war).
Pages in category "Military units and formations of the Abbasid Caliphate" The following 7 pages are in this category, out of 7 total. This list may not reflect recent changes .
According to the Muslim historian al-Mas'udi, the regiment was created by Caliph al-Mu'tasim (r. 833–842), who recruited troops from the Hawf districts of Egypt; [3] this likely occurred before al-Mu'tasim's caliphate, when he and al-Afshin were serving in Egypt on behalf of the caliph al-Ma'mun (r. 813–833).
A caliph is the supreme religious and political leader of an Islamic state known as the caliphate. [1] [2] Caliphs (also known as 'Khalifas') led the Muslim Ummah as political successors to the Islamic prophet Muhammad, [3] and widely-recognised caliphates have existed in various forms for most of Islamic history.
The Abbasid Caliphate first centered its government in Kufa, modern-day Iraq, but in 762 the caliph al-Mansur founded the city of Baghdad, near the ancient Babylonian capital city of Babylon and Sassanid city of Ctesiphon. Baghdad became the center of science, culture, and invention in what became known as the Golden Age of Islam.
The first unit of this name was established by the Abbasid caliph al-Mu'tadid (r. 892–902).They were military slaves (mamlūk s or ghilmān) who were placed under the training of eunuch tutors (al-khudum al-ustādhīn) and kept under close supervision, not being allowed to exit the palace except in the company of their tutors. [3]
Following his death in 632 CE, his immediate successors established the Rashidun Caliphate. [ citation needed ] After that Muslim dynasties rose; some of these dynasties established notable and prominent Muslim empires, such as the Umayyad Empire and later the Abbasid Empire , [ 1 ] [ 2 ] Ottoman Empire centered around Anatolia , the Safavid ...