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In classical physics, translational motion is movement that changes the position of an object, as opposed to rotation.For example, according to Whittaker: [1] If a body is moved from one position to another, and if the lines joining the initial and final points of each of the points of the body are a set of parallel straight lines of length ℓ, so that the orientation of the body in space is ...
The axis of rotation need not go through the body. In general, any rotation can be specified completely by the three angular displacements with respect to the rectangular-coordinate axes x, y, and z. Any change in the position of the rigid body is thus completely described by three translational and three rotational coordinates.
The motion in which all the particles of a body move through the same distance in the same time is called translatory motion. There are two types of translatory motions: rectilinear motion; curvilinear motion.
Suppose a rectangular xyz-coordinate system is rotated around its z axis counterclockwise (looking down the positive z axis) through an angle , that is, the positive x axis is rotated immediately into the positive y axis. The z coordinate of each point is unchanged and the x and y coordinates transform as above.
Translational envelopes: Moving forward and backward on the X-axis. (Surge) Moving left and right on the Y-axis. (Sway) Moving up and down on the Z-axis. (Heave) Rotational envelopes: Tilting side to side on the X-axis. Tilting forward and backward on the Y-axis. Turning left and right on the Z-axis.
There are two main descriptions of motion: dynamics and kinematics.Dynamics is general, since the momenta, forces and energy of the particles are taken into account. In this instance, sometimes the term dynamics refers to the differential equations that the system satisfies (e.g., Newton's second law or Euler–Lagrange equations), and sometimes to the solutions to those equations.
In mechanics and geometry, the 3D rotation group, often denoted SO(3), is the group of all rotations about the origin of three-dimensional Euclidean space under the operation of composition.
In classical mechanics, the Newton–Euler equations describe the combined translational and rotational dynamics of a rigid body. [1] [2] [3] [4] [5]Traditionally the ...