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The United Nations Convention Against Corruption (UNCAC) is the only legally binding international anti-corruption multilateral treaty.Negotiated by member states of the United Nations (UN) it was adopted by the UN General Assembly in October 2003 and entered into force in December 2005.
United Nations Convention against Corruption. The Foreign Corrupt Practices Act (FCPA, USA 1977) was an early paradigmatic law for many western countries i.e. industrial countries of the OECD. There, for the first time the old principal-agent approach was moved back where mainly the victim (a society, private or public) and a passive corrupt ...
Political cartoon by J. M. Staniforth: Herbert Kitchener attempts to raise £100,000 for a college in Sudan by calling on the name of C. G. Gordon. A scam, or a confidence trick, is an attempt to defraud a person or group after first gaining their trust.
Examples for such publications are the rules and suggestions provided by the International Chamber of Commerce (ICC), the World Economic Forum (WEF), and TI. [82] Persistent work by civil societal organizations can also go beyond establishing a knowledge about the negative impact of corruption and serve as way to build up political will to ...
Campbell's law is an adage developed by Donald T. Campbell, a psychologist and social scientist who often wrote about research methodology, which states: . The more any quantitative social indicator is used for social decision-making, the more subject it will be to corruption pressures and the more apt it will be to distort and corrupt the social processes it is intended to monitor.
UNODC headquarters in Vienna. The United Nations Office on Drugs and Crime (UNODC; French: Office des Nations unies contre la drogue et le crime) is a United Nations office that was established in 1997 as the Office for Drug Control and Crime Prevention by combining the United Nations International Drug Control Program (UNDCP) and the Crime Prevention and Criminal Justice Division in the ...
An example of mental accounting is people's willingness to pay more for goods when using credit cards than if they are paying with cash. [1] This phenomenon is referred to as payment decoupling. Mental accounting (or psychological accounting ) is a model of consumer behaviour developed by Richard Thaler that attempts to describe the process ...
A theory of change (ToC) is an explicit theory of how and why it is thought that a social policy or program activities lead to outcomes and impacts. [1] ToCs are used in the design of programs and program evaluation (particularly theory-driven evaluation), across a range of policy areas.