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As of 2018, 343 families of vascular plants and bryophytes, with roughly 12,000 species, were known according to the Catalogue of the plants of Madagascar. Many plant groups are still insufficiently known. [2] Madagascar is the island with the second-highest number of vascular plants, behind New Guinea. [3]
Madagascar Eastern Highlands includes the middle and upper catchments of Madagascar's eastern coastal rivers. [ 4 ] Northwestern Madagascar encompasses the westward-flowing drainage basins from the northern tip of Madagascar to the Mahavavy du Sud River, including the Mananjeba , North Mahavavy (Mahavavy du Nord), Sambirano , Ankofia , Sofia ...
The predominant natural vegetation in the region is lowland rainforest, although little remains. Mature forests have a canopy of trees 25 to 30 meters high, festooned with abundant lianas . There is a middle stratum of smaller, shade-tolerant trees, and a sparse understory of ferns, dwarf palms, shrubs, and herbaceous plants.
This category contains the native flora of Madagascar as defined by the World Geographical Scheme for Recording Plant Distributions. Taxa of the lowest rank are always included; taxa of higher ranks (e.g. genus) are only included if monotypic or endemic. Include taxa here that are endemic or have restricted distributions (e.g. only a few ...
Scientists estimate that more than half of all the world's plant and animal species live in tropical rainforests. Tropical seasonal forests , also known as moist deciduous , monsoon or semi-evergreen (mixed) seasonal forests, have a monsoon or wet savannah climates (as in the Köppen climate classification ): receiving high overall rainfall ...
It is within the Madagascar spiny forests or "spiny desert" of southern Madagascar, a globally distinctive ecoregion. [5] This is the area with the highest level of plant endemism in Madagascar, with 48% of the genera and 95% of the species endemic [6] and is listed as one of the 200 most important ecological regions in the world. [7]
Having completed its separation from all other land masses more than 60 million years ago, Madagascar’s plant and animal life evolved in isolation. The rainforests are inscribed for their importance to both ecological and biological processes as well as their biodiversity and the threatened species they support.
This is the area with the highest level of plant endemism in Madagascar, with 48% of the genera and 95% of the species endemic. [2] Many constituent plants show extreme adaptations to drought. Spiny plants of the endemic subfamily Didiereoideae form a conspicuous component, especially towards the east.