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Bissau-Guinean Americans are Americans of Bissau-Guinean descent. As was the case with almost all current West African coastal countries (and some of Central Africa), the first people in the United States from present-day Guinea-Bissau were imported as slaves.
Fula Americans, Fulani Americans or Fulbe Americans are Americans of Fula (Fulani, Fulbe) descent. The first Fulani people who were forcibly expatriated to United States from the slave trade came from several parts of West and Central Africa. Many Fulbe came of places as Guinea, Senegal, Guinea-Bissau, Sierra Leone, Nigeria and Cameroon. Recent ...
Guinean immigration into the U.S. has been increasing since the 1990s. Guinean Americans speak several African languages, being the most spoken the Pular (Fulfulde, Fulani, Fula or Peul), Maninka (Malinke), Susu, Kissi and Kpelle languages. They also speak French and English (as second language).
Many Fulani slaves came from places such as Guinea, Senegal, Guinea-Bissau, Sierra Leone, Nigeria and Cameroon. Most of the slaves who came from Senegal belonged to Fula and Mandinga peoples. [ 81 ] [ 82 ] Some of the most common names found on the Registry of Liberated Africans were Fulani in origin.
The Fulani people call the region Fuuta-Jaloo ( ࢻُوتَ جَلࣾو ) in the Pular language. 'Futa' is a Fula word for any region inhabited by the Fulɓe. 'Djallon' means 'mountain' in old Jallonke. [1] [2] [3] The name in Pular, and in the Fula (macro)language of which it is a part, is also sometimes spelled Fuuta-Jalon.
Fula (34.6%) is mostly spoken in Middle Guinea, where the major city is Labé. It dominates in the Labé and Mamou regions where it is spoken by 94.5% and 92.4% of the populations respectively. [3] Malinké (24.9%) is mostly spoken in Upper Guinea, where Kankan is the major city.
Fulani herdsman in Togo. A pastoral Fulani family is the traditional herding unit. Tasks are divided by gender and age among the members of the family. [2] The main work of men is to manage the herd, find grazing sites, build tents and camps, and make security tools such as knives, bows and arrows (or since the 1990's to buy or acquire modern firearms or machetes). [3]
In the 1720's a revolt of Muslim Fula and Malinke broke out under the leadership of the Torodbe cleric Alfa Ba, who declared himself amir al-muminim, or “commander of the faithful.” He was killed in 1725, but his son Ibrahim Sambegu took over and defeated the animists at the decisive battle of Talansan in 1727.