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University programs in oenology and viticulture usually feature a concentration in science for the degree of Bachelor of Science (B.S, B.Sc., Sc.B), and as a terminal master's degree — either in a scientific or in a research program for the degree of Master of Science (M.S., Sc.M.), e.g. the master of professional studies degree.
Interior view of an enoteca in Tambre, Veneto, Italy Cellars of the Vinothek in Bernkastel-Kues in the Mosel wine region of Germany. Enoteca is an Italian word that is derived from the Greek word Οινοθήκη, which literally means 'wine repository' (from Oeno/Eno-, Οινός, 'wine', and teca, Θήκη, 'receptacle, case, box'), but it is used to describe a special type of local or ...
The process of micro-oxygenation involves a large two-chamber device with valves interconnected to a tank of oxygen. In the first chamber, the oxygen is calibrated to match the volume of the wine. In the second chamber, the oxygen is injected into the wine through a porous ceramic stone located at the bottom of the chamber.
Two of the most notable phenols in wine include anthocyanins which impart color and tannins which add texture and aging potential. Photosynthesis The vital system of plant life where sunlight energy is trapped by chlorophyll in the leaves and is converted in chemical energy (such as the sugar glucose ) that is used throughout the grapevine.
A wine fault is a sensory-associated (organoleptic [1]) characteristic of a wine that is unpleasant, and may include elements of taste, smell, or appearance, elements that may arise from a "chemical or a microbial origin", where particular sensory experiences (e.g., an off-odor) might arise from more than one wine fault. [2]
Wine tourism (also: enotourism, oenotourism, or vinitourism) is tourism whose purpose is or includes the tasting, consumption or purchase of wine, often at or near the source. Where other types of tourism are often passive in nature, enotourism can consist of visits to wineries, tasting wines , vineyard walks, or even taking an active part in ...
Also, buyers and sellers of bulk wine typically do not have access to a multi-million litre tank, and so often the wine will vary depending on which tank it came from. Bottle variation that increases over time typically comes from the packaging. Exposure to heat or light can cause a wine to mature more quickly or even make it taste "cooked".
The Oenotropae included: Spermo (Ancient Greek: Σπερμώ, "seed"), who produced grain; Oeno or Oino (Ancient Greek: Οἰνώ, "wine"), who produced wine; and Elais (Ancient Greek: Ἐλαΐς, "olive tree"), who produced olive oil.