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Pinocytosis. In cellular biology, pinocytosis, otherwise known as fluid endocytosis and bulk-phase pinocytosis, is a mode of endocytosis in which small molecules dissolved in extracellular fluid are brought into the cell through an invagination of the cell membrane, resulting in their containment within a small vesicle inside the cell.
Because the process of macropinocytosis is non-specific, many pathogens take advantage of macropinosomes to infect their target cells. In this way, pathogens internalized in macropinosomes avoid barriers and obstructions that the plasma membrane, cytoplasmic crowding and cortical cytoskeleton pose when moving deeper into the cytoplasm. [ 1 ]
[8] Pinocytosis, which usually occurs from highly ruffled regions of the plasma membrane, is the invagination of the cell membrane to form a pocket, which then pinches off into the cell to form a vesicle (0.5–5 μm in diameter) filled with a large volume of extracellular fluid and molecules within it (equivalent to ~100 CCVs). The filling of ...
[2] [3] During efferocytosis, the cell membrane of phagocytic cells engulfs the apoptotic cell, forming a large fluid-filled vesicle containing the dead cell. This ingested vesicle is called an efferosome (in analogy to the term phagosome). This process is similar to macropinocytosis.
Cosimo Commisso is a Canadian cell biologist and cancer researcher who has made significant advances in the field of cellular trafficking and cancer metabolism. [1] [2] [3] Among his most notable contributions are the discovery and study of how macropinocytosis supports tumor cell growth and survival by serving as an amino acid supply route in Ras-mutated cancers.
19376 Ensembl ENSG00000109113 ENSMUSG00000002059 UniProt Q9BZG1 P0DI83 Q64008 RefSeq (mRNA) NM_001142624 NM_001142625 NM_001144942 NM_001144943 NM_001256276 NM_001256277 NM_001256278 NM_001256281 NM_031934 NM_001159482 NM_033475 RefSeq (protein) NP_001136096 NP_001136097 NP_001138414 NP_001138415 NP_001243205 NP_001243206 NP_001243207 NP_001243210 NP_114140 NP_001243210.1 NP_001152954 NP ...
Mechanism of clathrin-dependent endocytosis. Receptor-mediated endocytosis (RME), also called clathrin-mediated endocytosis, is a process by which cells absorb metabolites, hormones, proteins – and in some cases viruses – by the inward budding of the plasma membrane (invagination).
Bleb growth is driven by intracellular pressure (abnormal growth) generated in the cytoplasm when the actin cortex undergoes actomyosin contractions. [5] The disruption of the membrane-actin cortex interactions [4] are dependent on the activity of myosin-ATPase [6] Bleb initiation is affected by three main factors: high intracellular pressure, decreased amounts of cortex-membrane linker ...