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  2. Sequential quadratic programming - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sequential_quadratic...

    Sequential quadratic programming (SQP) is an iterative method for constrained nonlinear optimization, also known as Lagrange-Newton method. SQP methods are used on mathematical problems for which the objective function and the constraints are twice continuously differentiable , but not necessarily convex.

  3. Sequential linear-quadratic programming - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sequential_linear...

    in SQP, each subproblem is a quadratic program, with a quadratic model of the objective subject to a linearization of the constraints in SLQP, two subproblems are solved at each step: a linear program (LP) used to determine an active set , followed by an equality-constrained quadratic program (EQP) used to compute the total step

  4. Mathematics - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mathematics

    This principle, foundational for all mathematics, was first elaborated for geometry, and was systematized by Euclid around 300 BC in his book Elements. [ 21 ] [ 22 ] The resulting Euclidean geometry is the study of shapes and their arrangements constructed from lines, planes and circles in the Euclidean plane ( plane geometry ) and the three ...

  5. List of unsolved problems in mathematics - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_unsolved_problems...

    6 [6] Clay Mathematics Institute: 2000 Simon problems: 15 < 12 [7] [8] Barry Simon: 2000 Unsolved Problems on Mathematics for the 21st Century [9] 22 – Jair Minoro Abe, Shotaro Tanaka: 2001 DARPA's math challenges [10] [11] 23 – DARPA: 2007 Erdős's problems [12] > 934: 617: Paul Erdős: Over six decades of Erdős' career, from the 1930s to ...

  6. Exercise (mathematics) - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Exercise_(mathematics)

    Supplementary exercises at the end of each chapter expand the other exercise sets and provide cumulative exercises that require skills from earlier chapters. This text includes "Functions and Graphs in Applications" (Ch 0.6) which is fourteen pages of preparation for word problems. Authors of a book on finite fields chose their exercises freely ...

  7. The 10 to 1 ratio was an estimate made in 1972; current estimates put the ratio at either 3 to 1 or 1.3 to 1. [301] The total length of capillaries in the human body is not 100,000 km. That figure comes from a 1929 book by August Krogh, who used an unrealistically large model person and an inaccurately high density of capillaries.

  8. 11th century - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/11th_century

    Political boundaries in Eastern Hemisphere in early half of 11th century Political boundaries in Eastern Hemisphere at the end of the 11th century. The 11th century is the period from 1001 (represented by the Roman numerals MI) through 1100 (MC) in accordance with the Julian calendar, and the 1st century of the 2nd millennium.

  9. History of algebra - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/History_of_algebra

    The word "algebra" is derived from the Arabic word الجبر al-jabr, and this comes from the treatise written in the year 830 by the medieval Persian mathematician, Al-Khwārizmī, whose Arabic title, Kitāb al-muḫtaṣar fī ḥisāb al-ğabr wa-l-muqābala, can be translated as The Compendious Book on Calculation by Completion and Balancing.