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  2. Religious responses to the problem of evil - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Religious_responses_to_the...

    The alleged contradictions of the problem of evil depend upon the meaning assigned to the terms involved, therefore "the most common way to resolve the problem of evil is by qualifying, redefining or supplementing one or more of the major terms." [45] Plantinga offers a free will defense instead of a theodicy. [42]

  3. Manichaeism - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Manichaeism

    A fundamental belief in Manichaeism is that the powerful, though not omnipotent, good power (God) was opposed by the eternal evil power (the devil). Humanity, the world, and the soul are seen as the by-product of the battle between God's proxy—Primal Man—and the devil. [103]

  4. Problem of evil - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Problem_of_evil

    The problem of evil is acute for monotheistic religions such as Christianity, Islam, and Judaism that believe in a God who is omnipotent, omniscient and omnibenevolent; [88] [89] but the question of why evil exists has also been studied in religions that are non-theistic or polytheistic, such as Buddhism, Hinduism, and Jainism.

  5. Mara (demon) - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mara_(demon)

    Relief fragment of Mara in Gandhara style, found in Swat Valley The demons of mara. Palm leaf manuscript. Nalanda, Bihar, India Mara's assault on the Buddha (an aniconic representation: the Buddha is only symbolized by his throne), 2nd century, Amaravati Stupa, India Mara, his lustful daughters, and demonic army, attempting to tempt Buddha, on a 10th-century icon from Mogao Caves

  6. The Buddha in Manichaeism - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/The_Buddha_in_Manichaeism

    According to Willis Barnstone and Marvin Meyer, evidence of the influence of Buddhist thought on the teachings of Mani can be found throughout texts related to Mani. [18] In the story of the death of Mani, the Buddhist term nirvana is used: It was a day of pain and a time of sorrow when the messenger of light entered death when he entered ...

  7. Divine madness - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Divine_madness

    Plato in his Phaedrus and his ideas on theia mania, the Hasidic Jews, Eastern Orthodoxy, Western Christianity, Sufism along with Indian religions all bear witness to the phenomenon of divine madness. [4] It is not the ordinary form of madness, but a behavior that is consistent with the premises of a spiritual path or a form of complete ...

  8. Chinese Manichaeism - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chinese_Manichaeism

    Chinese Manichaeism represents a set of teachings with the purpose of inducing awakening (佛; fó), and it is a dualistic religion that believes in the eternal fight between the principles of good/light and evil/darkness, the former being represented by a God known as Shangdi, Míngzūn (明尊; 'Radiant Lord') or Zhēnshén (真神; 'True

  9. Buddhism and violence - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Buddhism_and_violence

    Buddhism encompasses a variety of traditions, beliefs and spiritual practices largely based on teachings attributed to Gautama Buddha. [8]Nirvana is the oldest and most common term for the end goal of the Buddhist path and the ultimate eradication of duḥkha—nature of life that innately includes "suffering", "pain", or "unsatisfactoriness". [9]