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The plenums follow a customary pattern of themes; since the 14th Party Congress (1992–1997), the fifth plenum has evaluated the current five-year plan and outlined the next five-year plan. [ 1 ] Planning is a key characteristic of the nominally socialist economies , and one plan established for the entire country normally contains detailed ...
China's state-owned enterprises were generally within the authority of the central government industrial ministries during the First Five-Year Plan period. [5]: 238 Agriculture, fishing, and forestry would be collectivized. [1]: 209 Regarding commercial and services industries, the approach in the first Five-Year Plan was for the government to ...
In 1953, when China entered the first five-year plan period, the Chinese economy had improved and the Ministry of Finance still decided to include the fiscal surplus of the previous fiscal year as credit funds in the 1953 budget revenue to cover the current year's expenditures. As a result, budget expenditures were expanded and so was the size ...
The first Five-Year Plan made tremendous progress. However, China in 1956 faced a severe rural-urban exodus, a lack of foreign investment and of a technological revolution. [ 1 ] By the second half of 1955 and the first half of 1956, Mao Zedong had begun to encourage more radical policies, demanding that people build socialism "more, faster ...
Before the end of the First Five-Year Plan, the growing imbalance between industrial and agricultural growth, dissatisfaction with inefficiency, and lack of flexibility in the decision-making process convinced the nation's leaders – particularly Mao Zedong – that the highly centralized, industry-based Soviet model was not appropriate for ...
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The ten-year plan drafted by Hua Guofeng in 1978 was quickly abandoned on the grounds that China had neither the budget or the technical expertise to carry it out. Instead, a more modest five-year plan was adopted that emphasized light industry and consumer production. In September 1982, the 12th Party Congress convened in Beijing.
Mao's government carried out land reform, [12]: 554–556 instituted collectivisation [13]: 51–52 and implemented the laogai camp system. [14] Economically, the country followed up on the Soviet model of five-year plans with its own first five-year plan from 1953 to 1957. [15]