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  2. Prostate-specific antigen - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Prostate-specific_antigen

    Prostate-specific antigen (PSA), also known as gamma-seminoprotein or kallikrein-3 (KLK3), P-30 antigen, is a glycoprotein enzyme encoded in humans by the KLK3 gene.PSA is a member of the kallikrein-related peptidase family and is secreted by the epithelial cells of the prostate gland in men and the paraurethral glands in women.

  3. Prostate cancer staging - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Prostate_cancer_staging

    B1: the tumor can be felt and it does not occupy a whole lobe; B2: the tumor can be felt and it occupies a whole lobe or both lobes; C: the tumor has extended through the capsule C1: the tumor has extended through the capsule but does not involve the seminal vesicles; C2: the tumor involves the seminal vesicles; D: the tumor has spread to other ...

  4. Tukey's range test - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tukey's_range_test

    Since the null hypothesis for Tukey's test states that all means being compared are from the same population (i.e. μ 1 = μ 2 = μ 3 = ... = μ k), the means should be normally distributed (according to the central limit theorem) with the same model standard deviation σ, estimated by the merged standard error, , for all the samples; its ...

  5. Statistical significance - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Statistical_significance

    When drawing data from a sample, this means that the rejection region comprises 5% of the sampling distribution. [39] These 5% can be allocated to one side of the sampling distribution, as in a one-tailed test , or partitioned to both sides of the distribution, as in a two-tailed test , with each tail (or rejection region) containing 2.5% of ...

  6. Pearson's chi-squared test - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pearson's_chi-squared_test

    Pearson's chi-squared test or Pearson's test is a statistical test applied to sets of categorical data to evaluate how likely it is that any observed difference between the sets arose by chance. It is the most widely used of many chi-squared tests (e.g., Yates , likelihood ratio , portmanteau test in time series , etc.) – statistical ...

  7. X-ray - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/X-ray

    Natural color X-ray photogram of a wine scene. Note the edges of hollow cylinders as compared to the solid candle. William Coolidge explains medical imaging and X-rays.. An X-ray (also known in many languages as Röntgen radiation) is a form of high-energy electromagnetic radiation with a wavelength shorter than those of ultraviolet rays and longer than those of gamma rays.

  8. Phi coefficient - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Phi_coefficient

    In statistics, the phi coefficient (or mean square contingency coefficient and denoted by φ or r φ) is a measure of association for two binary variables.. In machine learning, it is known as the Matthews correlation coefficient (MCC) and used as a measure of the quality of binary (two-class) classifications, introduced by biochemist Brian W. Matthews in 1975.

  9. Wald test - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wald_test

    In statistics, the Wald test (named after Abraham Wald) assesses constraints on statistical parameters based on the weighted distance between the unrestricted estimate and its hypothesized value under the null hypothesis, where the weight is the precision of the estimate.

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