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  2. Ma Zhongying - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ma_Zhongying

    Ma Zhongying, also Ma Chung-ying (traditional Chinese: 馬仲英; simplified Chinese: 马仲英; pinyin: Mǎ Zhòngyīng; Wade–Giles: Ma Chung-ying, Xiao'erjing: مَا جٌ‌یِئٍ; c. 1910 or 1908 – after 1936), nickname Commander Ga (尕司令, lit.youngster commander), was a Hui Chinese Muslim warlord during the Warlord era of China.

  3. List of warlords and military cliques in the Warlord Era

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_warlords_and...

    Ma Zhancang. 馬占倉 served under Ma Zhongying Zhang Peiyuan. 張培元 1929–1934: Han Chinese Commander of Ili, allied with the Ma Clique against the Xinjiang Clique Ma Qi. 馬麒 1915–1931: Ninghai Army ruler of Qinghai province, influential in Gansu province Ma Lin. 馬麟 1931–1938: Ninghai Army ruler of Qinghai province Ma Bufang ...

  4. Kumul Rebellion - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kumul_Rebellion

    Ma Zhongying returned to Xinjiang in 1933 to continue the war. [46] [47] Ma Zhongying had an ambition to create an empire covering the whole of Soviet and Chinese Central Asia. [48] Ma used Kuomintang Blue Sky with a White Sun banners in his army and Kuomintang Blue Sky with a White Sun armbands. He himself wore a Kuomintang armband and a New ...

  5. New 36th Division - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/New_36th_Division

    General Ma Zhongying. General Ma Zhongying, a Muslim who had trained under Chiang Kai-shek at Whampoa Military Academy in Nanjing in 1929, was the new 36th Division commander. Kamal Kaya Efendi, a Turk and a former Ottoman military officer was chief-of-staff to Ma Zhongying. The 1st Brigade was commanded by General Ma Ju-lung. [2]

  6. Battle of Dawan Cheng - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Battle_of_Dawan_Cheng

    The Battle of Dawan Cheng (Chinese: 達坂城之戰) of 1934 occurred when Gen. Ma Zhongying's Chinese Muslim New 36th Division encountered a Soviet Russian Army armoured car column. The New 36th Division was withdrawing, chased by White Russian and Mongol troops and Chinese forces allied with them

  7. Muslim conflict in Gansu (1927–1930) - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Muslim_Conflict_in_Gansu...

    Ma Zhongying also fought against his great uncle Ma Lin (warlord), who was a Muslim General in Feng Yuxiang's army, defeating him when Ma Lin attempted to retake Hezhou. [11] The slogan of the rebels was "don't kill Hui, don't kill Han, only kill the officers of Guominjun" "不杀回,不杀汉,只杀国民军的办事员". [12]

  8. Ma clique - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ma_clique

    The three most prominent members of the clique were Ma Bufang, Ma Hongkui, and Ma Hongbin, collectively known as the Xibei San Ma (Chinese: 西北三馬, Three Ma of the Northwest). Some contemporary accounts, such as Edgar Snow 's, described the clique as the "Four Ma" (rather than Three), adding Ma Bufang's brother Ma Buqing to the list of ...

  9. Battle of Tutung - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Battle_of_Tutung

    The Battle of Tutong (Chinese: 頭屯河戰役) of 1934 occurred when Gen. Ma Zhongying's Chinese Muslim 36th Division was attacked by the Soviet Red Army on the banks of the frozen Tutung River. The battle took place over several days, and Soviet bombers used mustard gas. [1]