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Financial models with long-tailed distributions and volatility clustering have been introduced to overcome problems with the realism of classical financial models. These classical models of financial time series typically assume homoskedasticity and normality and as such cannot explain stylized phenomena such as skewness, heavy tails, and volatility clustering of the empirical asset returns in ...
The variance gamma process has been successfully applied in the modeling of credit risk in structural models. The pure jump nature of the process and the possibility to control skewness and kurtosis of the distribution allow the model to price correctly the risk of default of securities having a short maturity, something that is generally not possible with structural models in which the ...
Download as PDF; Printable version; ... Lambda calculus (3 C, 48 P) O. Computation oracles (7 P) P. ... Binomial options pricing model;
To price such bonds, one must use option pricing to determine the value of the bond, and then one can compute its delta (and hence its lambda), which is the duration. The effective duration is a discrete approximation to this latter, and will require an option pricing model.
In finance, arbitrage pricing theory (APT) is a multi-factor model for asset pricing which relates various macro-economic (systematic) risk variables to the pricing of financial assets. Proposed by economist Stephen Ross in 1976, [ 1 ] it is widely believed to be an improved alternative to its predecessor, the capital asset pricing model (CAPM ...
For the example in finance, S.G. Kou developed a model for financial instrument prices incorporating an asymmetric Laplace distribution to address problems of skewness, kurtosis and the volatility smile that often occur when using a normal distribution for pricing these instruments. [6]
A local volatility model, in mathematical finance and financial engineering, is an option pricing model that treats volatility as a function of both the current asset level and of time . As such, it is a generalisation of the Black–Scholes model , where the volatility is a constant (i.e. a trivial function of S t {\displaystyle S_{t}} and t ...
The Ramsey problem, or Ramsey pricing, or Ramsey–Boiteux pricing, is a second-best policy problem concerning what prices a public monopoly should charge for the various products it sells in order to maximize social welfare (the sum of producer and consumer surplus) while earning enough revenue to cover its fixed costs.