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Organic personality disorder (OPD) or secondary personality change, is a condition described in the ICD-10 and ICD-11 respectively. It is characterized by a significant personality change featuring abnormal behavior due to an underlying traumatic brain injury or another pathophysiological medical condition affecting the brain.
Post-traumatic epilepsy (PTE) is a form of acquired epilepsy that results from brain damage caused by physical trauma to the brain (traumatic brain injury, abbreviated TBI). [1] A person with PTE experiences repeated post-traumatic seizures (PTS, seizures that result from TBI) more than a week after the initial injury. [ 2 ]
Encephalopathy as a result of head trauma is a possible cause of organic brain syndrome: Specialty: Psychiatry, Neurology: Symptoms: Depends on the cause,usually memory problems, personality changes, mood swings, cognitive impairment, vision and movement problems [medical citation needed] Usual onset: Over 60 years old: Causes: Organ damage ...
Of the seizures that occur within the first four weeks of head trauma, about 10% occur after the first week. [5] Late seizures occur at the highest rate in the first few weeks after injury. [7] About 40% of late seizures start within six months of injury, and 50% start within a year. [11]
Strokes, brain bleeds, and traumatic brain injury can all also lead to epilepsy if seizures re-occur. If the first seizure occurs more than 7 days following a stroke, there is a higher chance of the person developing epilepsy. [27] Post-stroke epilepsy accounts for 30%-50% of new epilepsy cases. [27]
Generally, diseases outlined within the ICD-10 codes F30-F39 within Chapter V: Mental and behavioural disorders should be included in this category. Mood disorder is the term given for a group of diagnoses in the DSM IV TR classification system where a disturbance in the person's emotional mood is hypothesised to be the main underlying feature.
The production of seizure-like symptoms is not under voluntary control; [10] [11] symptoms which are feigned or faked voluntarily would fall under the categories of factitious disorder or malingering. [12] Risk factors for PNES include having a history of head injury, and having a diagnosis of epilepsy. [13]
Transient amnesia can be the principal manifestation of epilepsy. This diagnosis, however, is "seldom suspected by clinicians and remains controversial". [4] TEA is "almost always misdiagnosed" according to a leading authority. [9] In the largest study to date (2007) "Epilepsy was the initial specialist diagnosis in only 12 of 50 cases."