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Because the resulting orbital apogee was ~572 km instead of the planned ~350 km for the nominal circular orbit, several times each day OSO 7 passed fairly deeply into the Van Allen radiation belts, so that bombardment by high energy protons made it somewhat radioactive. The activity then decayed slowly during other times of the day.
Dr. Nancy Roman with a model of OSO 1 (1962) OSO 1 diagram OSO 4 (1967). The Orbiting Solar Observatory (abbreviated OSO) Program was the name of a series of American space telescopes primarily intended to study the Sun, though they also included important non-solar experiments.
Pioneer 6, 7, 8, and 9 were space probes in the Pioneer program, launched between 1965 and 1969. They were a series of solar-orbiting, spin-stabilized, solar cell- and battery-powered satellites designed to obtain measurements on a continuing basis of interplanetary phenomena from widely separated points in space. [ 5 ]
An orbital replacement unit or orbital replaceable unit is a modular component of spacecraft that can be replaced upon failure either by robot or by extravehicular activity. The Hubble Space Telescope (HST) was designed with 70 such parts, [ 1 ] including scientific instruments and limited-life items such as batteries.
Artist's conception of OAO-1 in orbit Technicians in a clean room check out the OAO 2 before the mission’s 7 December 1968, launch. Artist's conception of OAO-B in orbit OAO-3 in the clean room The Orbiting Astronomical Observatory ( OAO ) satellites were a series of four American space observatories launched by NASA between 1966 and 1972 ...
The NASA observatory was launched on 12 December 1970 into an initial orbit of about 560 km apogee, 520 km perigee, 3 degrees inclination, with a period of 96 minutes. The mission ended in March 1973. Uhuru was a scanning mission, with a spin period of ~12 minutes.
In the orbital configuration, the spacecraft was 145.2 cm (57.2 in) high and the tip-to-tip dimension was 470.3 cm (185.2 in). Four solar paddles were used in conjunction with a 12-cell nickel–cadmium battery to provide power over the entire orbit. The spacecraft was stabilized along the Z-axis and rotated at about 0.1°/seconds.
The Solar Maximum Mission satellite (or SolarMax) was designed to investigate Solar phenomena, particularly solar flares.It was launched on February 14, 1980. The SMM was the first satellite based on the Multimission Modular Spacecraft bus manufactured by Fairchild Industries, a platform which was later used for Landsat 4 and Landsat 5 [1] as well as the Upper Atmosphere Research Satellite.