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Long-distance calling from landlines was opened to competition in the early 1990s and the use of long-distance revenue to subsidise local service was phased out a few years later. It is not possible for mobile telephone subscribers or coin-paid telephone users to select a default carrier, so long-distance calls are often priced higher from ...
Most carriers in the United States and in all of Canada use flat-rate billing for local calls, which incur no per-call cost to residential subscribers. Long-distance calls have higher prices. As regulators in North America had long allowed long-distance calling to be priced artificially high in return for artificially low rates for local ...
Any call for which an additional charge, i.e., toll charge, is not billed to the calling or called party, or (depending on the country) for which this charge is reduced because it is a short-distance call (e.g. within a town or local metropolitan area). Typically, local calls have shorter numbers than long-distance calls, as the area code may ...
A local exchange is generally either an exchange within one's own LATA or in an immediately adjacent LATA. A call that is neither local nor long-distance is called a local toll call. A local exchange carrier normally sells package deals that include local and local toll calls. Local calls are customarily billed in by the call, or in blocks of ...
Almost all New Zealand telephone numbers have seven digits, with a single-digit access code and a single-digit area code for long-distance domestic calls. Traditionally, the number was given as (0A) BBB-BBBB, with the two first digits (the STD code) often omitted for local calls. The brackets and the dash are also often omitted.
This change also required modification of the local dialing procedures to distinguish local calls from long-distance calls with area codes. Requiring 1 to be dialed before the full number in some areas provided for area codes of the form N10 , such as 210 in the San Antonio , Texas, area and 410 in eastern Maryland .
That long-distance provider then covers the call most of the way before handing it off to another local provider. They pay an access fee to that provider for the ability to do so.
The CAC is dialed as a prefix immediately before dialing a long-distance telephone number. In popular usage, CACs are often referred to as dial-around codes, because they allow "dialing around" the PIC. Sometimes they are even called "PIC codes", though this term is inaccurate, since the code is being used to avoid the PIC, not to use its services.